AMB 



30 



AM E 



pound. Where dry lime purifiers are 

 employed at gas works, it may be ob- 

 tained in the state of a dry powder, but 

 wlierc a liquid mixture of lime and wa- 

 ter is employed, the bydro-sulphuret 

 can only be had in the form of a thick 

 cream. Of the dry hydro-sulphuret I 

 would recommend eight bushels per 

 acre to be spread regularly by hand up- 

 on the surface after the turnip seed is 

 sown, and before harrowing. If the 

 )i(liiid is employed, I would recommend 

 thirty gallons of it to be mixed with a 

 sufficient quantity of earth or ashes, to 

 enable it to be spread over an acre in 

 a similar manner. For cabbages, twelve 

 bushels, or forty-five gallons per acre, 

 would not probably be too much, spread 

 upon the surface and turned in with the 

 spade or last ploughing. To effect the 

 banishment of the turnip-flea I should 

 like a trial to be made of six or eight 

 bushels of the dry, or from twenty-two 

 to twenty-eight gallons of the liquid, 

 liydro-sulphuret being spread over the 

 Burlace immediately after the sowing, 

 harrowing, and rolling are finished. 

 Although I specify these quantities as 

 those I calculate most correct, yet in 

 all experiments it is best to try various 

 proportions. Three or four bushels 

 may be found sufficient, perhaps twelve, 

 or even twenty, may not be too much. 

 In cabbages the ambury may usually be 

 avoided by frequent transplanlings, for 

 this enables the workman to remove 

 the excrescences upon tlieir first appear- 

 ance, and renders the plants altogether 

 more robust and ligneous ; the plant in 

 its tender sappy stage of growth being 

 most open to the insect's attacks. The 

 warts or galls that so frequently may be 

 noticed on the bulbs of turnips, must 

 not be mistaken for the ambury in a 

 mitigated form. If these are opened 



small gardens, wliere the same crop is 

 too IVequently repeated : also in market 

 gardens. In the latter case it may be 

 attributable to the putrid manure used 

 to produce excessive luxuriance. Lime, 

 change of manure, rotation of crops, but 

 above all deep tillage, bringing the 

 subsoil to the surface, are the remedies 

 adopted. 



AMELANCHIER. Four species. 

 Hardy deciduous shrubs. Layers. 

 Common uiMi:f soil. 



AMELLUrt. Three species. A. 

 Lyrhnitis, green-li,ouse evergreen ; 

 others hardy and deciduous. Cuttings. 

 Loam. 



AMERICAN ALOE. Agave Ameri- 

 cana. 



AMERICAN COWSLIP. Dodcca- 

 theon. 



AMERICAN BLIGHT, {Aphis la- 

 nigera — Eriosoma lanigera.) The cot- 

 tony matter in tlie cracks and excres- 

 cences of apple tree branches in the 

 spring envelops an insect known by 

 the above names, and which, when 

 crushed, exudes a reddish fluid. These 

 insects are injurious by piercing the sap 

 vessels with their probosces, sucking 

 the juice of the tree, and causing 

 wounds which ulcerate and finally de- 

 stroy the branch attacked by corroding 

 through all the sap vessels. The cot- 

 tony matter is abundant, and, wafted to 

 other trees, probably conveys to them 

 infection, by bearing with it the eggs 

 or embryo insect. But this is not the 

 exclusive mode of difl'using the disease, 

 for although the females are usually 

 wingless, yet, like many other insects, 

 some are probably produced with winga 

 at the season propitious to coloniza- 

 tion. The males are uniformly winged. 

 In the winter these insects retire under 



they will usually be found to contain a \ ground, and prey upon the roots of the 

 yellowish maggot, the larva probably i apple tree. A tree thus ravaged at all 

 of some species of cynips. This insect > seasons will soon be killed, if prompt 

 deposits its eggs in the turnip when of! and vigorous remedies are not adopted, 

 larger growth than that at which it is ] The affected roots may be bared and 

 attacked by the weevil, and the vegeta- I left exposed for a few days to the cold, 

 ble consequently suffers less from the ' and the earth, before being returned, 

 injury ; but from some slight observa- I be saturated with amnioniacal liquor 

 tions, I am inclined to conclude, that from the gas works. In early March 

 the turnips thus infested suffer most I the branches should be scraped, and 

 from the frosts of winter, and are the scrubbed with the same ammoniacal 

 earliest in decay. — Johnson''s Principles j liquid, or a strong brine of common salt; 



of Gardening. 



The Ambury occasionally exhibits it- 



but whatever liquid is employed, the 

 scraping and hard bristles of the brush 



self around Philadelphia, principally in ; should penetrate every crack in the 



