ARN 



64 



ART 



Zrtfa, which is a green-house everfrreen. I evening until they are established, as 



Division. Rich light soil. See Thrift 



ARNOPOGON. Four species. Hardy 

 annuals. Seed. Common soil. 



ARTABOTRYS odoratissima. Stove 

 evergreen shrub. Cuttings. Sandy loam 

 and peat. 



ARTANEMA fimbriatum. Hardy 

 evergreen shrub. Seed. Loam and peat. 



ARTEMISIA, Wormwood. Forty- 

 seven species. Seed. Division and 

 cuttings. Mostly hardy and herbaceous. 



ARTHROPOblUM. Five species, 

 (ireen-house herbaceous. Division or 

 seed. Sandy loam and peat. 



ARTHROSTEMMA. Two species, 

 (xreen-house evergreen shrubs. Cut- 

 tings. Loam and peat. 



ARTICHOKE, {Cynara scolymus.) 



well as during the droughts of summer. 

 The only other attention they require 

 during the summer, is the frequent use 

 of the hoe. They produce heads the 

 same year, i'rom July to October, and 

 will continue to do so annually, from 

 May until June or July. As often as a 

 head is cut, the stem must be broken 

 down close to the root, to encourage 

 the production of suckers before the 

 arrival of winter. In November or 

 December, they should receive their 

 winter's dressing. The old leaves being 

 cut away without injuring the centre or 

 side shoots, the ground must be dug 

 over, and part of the soil thrown into a 

 moderate ridge over each row, it being 

 put close about the plants, but the 



Soil and situation. — The finest heads hearts left clear. Each plant must be 



are produced in a soil abounding in 

 moisture, but in such they will not sur- 

 vive the winter. To enable them to 

 survive the winter, those for the supply 

 of suckers, as well as those for the last- 



closed round with long litter, or pea 

 haulm : it is, however, a very erroneous 

 practice to apply stable dung imme- 

 diately over the plants previous to 

 earthing them up, as it in general in- 



ing production, must have a rich loam [ duces decay. As soon as February 

 allotted to them. Manure must be commences, all covering of this descrip- 

 applied every spring; and the bestltion must be removed. In March, or 

 compost for them is a mixture of three I as soon as the shoots appear four or 

 parts well putrefied dung, and one part five inches above the surface, the 

 of fine coal-ashes. They should always j ridges thrown up in the winter must 

 have an open exposure, and above all be be levelled, and all the earth removed 

 free from the influence of trees ; for if I from about the stock to below the part 

 beneath their shade or drip, the plants! from whence the young shoots spring. 



spindle, and produce wortliless heads. 



Time and mode of planting. — It is 

 propagated by suckers, which are an- 

 nually afforded by the parent plants in 

 the spring. These must be slipped oflT 

 in March or early in April, when eight 

 or ten inches in height, with as much 

 of their fibrous roots pertaining as pos- 

 sible. Such of them should be selected 

 as are sound and not woody. The 

 brown hard part by which they are 

 attached to the parent stem must bo 

 removed, and if that cuts crisp and 

 tender, it is tough and stringy, and is 



worthless. Further, to prepare them 1 another site. 



Of these remove all but two or at 

 most three of the straightest and most 

 vigorous, care being taken to select 

 from those which proceed from the 

 under part of the stock: the strong 

 thick ones proceeding from its crown 

 having hard woody stems, and are pro- 

 ductive of indifferent heads. 



Although the artichoke in a suitable 

 soil is a perennial, yet after the fourth 

 or fifth year the heads become smaller 

 and drier. The beds, in consequence, 

 are usually broken up after the lapse of 

 this period, and fresh ones formed on 



for planting, the large outside leaves 

 are taken off so low as that the heart 

 appears above them. If they have been 

 some time separated from the stock, or 

 if the weather is dry, they are greatly 

 invigorated by being set in water for 

 three or four hours, before they are 

 planted. They should be set in rows 

 four feet and a half by three feet apart, 

 and about half their length beneath the 

 surface. Water them abundantly every 



The arlichoke^s heads are made to 

 attain a much larger size than they 

 would otherwise by twisting a ligature 

 very tightly round the stem, about three 

 inches below each, and thus preventing 

 the reflux of the sap. 



No vegetable is more benefitted than 

 the artichoke by the application of sea- 

 weed or any other manure containing 

 common salt. 



To obtain chards. — After the best 



