BAR 



81 



B A S 



ble and charitable, and of the strictest 

 probity and temperance. 



BARTRAM, William, fourth son of 

 John B., was born, 1739, at the botanic 

 garden, Kingsessing, Pennsylvania. At 

 the age of 16 years, he was placed with 

 a respectable merchant of Philadelphia, 

 with whom he continued six years ; 



BARYOSM.V. Six species. Green- 

 house evergreen shrubs. Cuttings. 

 Peat and sand. 



BASELLA. Eigiit species. Stove 

 biennial climbers chiefly. Seed. Rich 

 light soil. 



BASIL. (Ofi/mu;n.) There are two 

 kinds, the Sweet-scented (O. basilicum), 



after which he went to North Carolina, and the Dwarf-bush (0. minimum). 



with a view of doing business there as 

 a merchant; but, being ardently at- 



So/7 and situation. — They thrive most 

 a rich light soil, entirely free from 



t.iched to the study of botany, he re- j any overshaddwing body ; but they re 



linquished his mercantile pursuits, and 

 accompanied his father in a journey 

 into East Florida, to explore the na 



quire, especially for the earliest plants, 

 a sheltered border. 



Time and mode of nowing. — They are 



tural productions of that country; after ' propagated by seed, which may be sown_ 

 which he settled on the river St. John's, i in a gentle hot-bed, with the shelter of 



in this region, and finally returned 

 about the year 1771, to his father's resi- 

 dence. In 1773, at the request of Dr. 

 Fothergill, of London, he embarked for 

 Charleston, to examine the natural 

 productions of the Floridas, and the 

 western parts of Carolina and Georgia, 

 chiefly in the vegetable kingdom. In 

 this employment he was engaged nearly 

 five years, and made numerous contri- 

 butions to the natural history of the 

 country through which he travelled. 

 His collections and drawings were for- 

 warded to Doctor Fothergill; and, 

 about the year 1790, he published an 



a frame at the close of March, or early 

 in April; to be thinned, and those re- 

 moved pricked out at the close of this 

 latter month in a similar situation, to be 

 finally removed in the course of May or 

 commencement of June, when settled 

 weather, in the open ground. This 

 sowing may be repeated at the close of 

 April, or beginning of May, on a warm 

 border, to be pricked and finally planted 

 out, after a lajjse of about five weeks 

 respectively between each operation. 



When thinned, the seedlings must be 

 left at three inches apart, and those re- 

 moved pricked out at a siniilardistance. 



account of his travels and discoveries,! The final planting must be made in rows 

 in 1 vol. Svo., with an account of the { a foot apart each way. Some plants oT 

 manners and customs of the Creeks, j all the sowing may be left where raised. 



Cherokees, and Choctaws. This work 

 soon acquired extensive popularity, and 

 is still frequently consulted — After his 



to be gathered from whilst young. 

 Water must be given at every removal, 

 as well as during every stage of their 



return from his travels, he devoted him- I irrowth, when dry weather occurs, 

 self to science, and, in 1782, was elect- j VVeeds must be kept under, as well as 

 ed Professor of Botany in the University | the plants benefited by frequent hoeing. 

 of Pennsylvania, which post he de- j The young leaf tops are the parts 

 dined, in consequence of the state of | made use of in soups and salads, their 



his health. In 17S6, he was elected a 

 member of the American Philosophical 

 Society, and was a member of several 

 other learned societies in Europe and 

 America. We are indebted to him for 

 the knowledge of many curious and 

 beautiful plants peculiar to North Ame- 

 rica, and for the most complete and 

 correct table of American ornithology, 

 before the work of Wilson, who was 

 assisted by him in the commencement 

 of his American Ornithology. He wrote 

 an article on the natural history of a 

 plant a few minutes before his death, 

 which happened suddenly, by the rup 

 ture of a blood vessel in the lungs, July 

 22, 1823, in the 8.7th year of his age. 

 6 



flavour resembling that of cloves. 



The supply is never failing during 

 summer, as they shoot out rapidly for 

 successive supplies. 



To obtain seed. — Some of the earliest 

 raised plants must be left ungathcred 

 from. These flower from July to Sep- 

 tember, and accordingly ripen their 

 seed in early or late autumn. 



BASKETS employed by the London 

 gardeners, being made of osier or deal 

 shavings, vary triflingly in size more 

 than measures made of less flexible 

 materials. They are as follows: — 



S'cd kale punnets — eight inches diame- 

 ter at the top, and seven inches and a 

 half at the bottom, and tuo inches deep. 



