BUD 



104 



BUD 



tive nursery-hand will readily insert 

 1000 buds in a day. In most of the New 

 Jersey nurseries boys are employed for 

 budding peaches, and by much practice 

 become perfect adepts at it. The mode 

 just described is called shield or T 

 budding, from the shield-like form of 

 the portion of bark containing the bud 

 to be inserted, and the resemblance 

 which the horizontal and perpendicular 

 cuts made for its admission into the 

 stock, bear to the two principal bars of 

 the letter T. 



" In selecting buds, those that are 

 very young should be avoided; for in 

 that case they are closely connected 

 with the greenish substance composing 



the bud had attached itself, the ligature 

 last applied was taken off, but the other 

 was sufi'ered to remain. The passage 

 of the sap upwards was in consequence 

 much obstructed, and buds inserted in 

 June began to vegetate strongly in July. 

 When these had afforded shoots about 

 four inches long, the remaining ligature 

 was taken off to permit the excess of 

 sap to pass on, and the young shoots 

 were nailed to the wall. Being there 

 properly exposed to light, their wood 

 ripened well and afforded blossoms in 

 the succeeding spring." 



In the fii-t week of July the thorns 

 should be removed from those places 

 on the stocks intended for budding 



the pith at the tender age of the shoot I roses. If they be not taken away, 

 producing tiiem ; and on this substance the operation is rendered needlessly 

 they then doubtless too much depend [ troublesome; and it is best done then, 



for nourishment to be safely deprived 

 of it. 



" It is a sign that they are duly con- 

 stituted when they begin to emit woody 

 substance; and this will form a crite- 

 rion of their fitness to shift for them- 

 selves. 



" Buds taken from fruit-bearing trees 

 on walls are apt to fall, owing to the 

 prevalence of blossom-buds which will 

 not produce shoots. 



" Scallop-budding consists in paring 

 a thin tongue-shaped section of bark 



as time is thus allowed for the bark's 

 healing. The best time for budding the 

 rose is towards the end of that month ; 

 a dormant eye being employed just after 

 a fall of rain, and when no strong dry 

 wind is moving. An attention to these 

 circumstances ensures that the sap is 

 flowing freely, and avoids a rapid eva- 

 poration so often preventing success. 

 Moist bass is usually employed for clos- 

 ing the wound of the stock, but it is far 

 preferable to use worsted, and over this 

 a coating of the grai'ting wax, made ac- 



from the side of the stock ; and in tak- j cording to the following recipe: — 



ing a similar section or shield from the 

 shoot of buds, in neither case removing 

 the wood. The section or shield con- 

 taining the bud, is then laid on the cor- 

 responding scallop in the stock ; its 

 upper edge exactly fitted as in shield- 

 budding, and at least one of its edges as 

 in whip-grafting — after this it is tied in 

 the usual way. The advantages of this 

 mode are, that it can be performed 

 when the wood and bark do not sepa- 

 rate freely ; on trees having very stiff, 

 thick, suberose bark, and at any season 

 of the year. Its disadvantages are, that 

 it requires longer time to perform the 

 operation, and is less certain of suc- 

 cess." 



" Mr. Knight was accustomed on 

 some occasions to employ two distinct 

 ligatures to hold the bud of his peach 



1 



Burgundy pitch .... 1 oz. 



Common pitch .... 4 



Yellow wax 4 



Tallow 2 



Nitre (carbonate of) 

 potash) powdered . J 



These must be melted slowly in an . 

 earthen pipkin, and applied whilst 

 warm. Common diachylon sold in 

 rolls by chemists answers as well as 

 the above. A laurel leaf fastened at 

 each end by a ligature round the stock, 

 so as to arch over the bud, will com- 

 plete the arrangement, and thus the 

 sun's rays, the air, and wet, will be 

 most effectually excluded, the admit- 

 tance of any one of which are fatal to 

 the union of the bud with the stock. 



The great point is to apply the liga- 

 ture firmly without cutting the bark, 



trees in its place. One was first placed and to relax and re-tie it, when, after 

 above the bud inserted, and upon the | some time, the bark shall be found 

 transverse section through the bark ; i swelling a little over it. It is not de- 

 the other, which had no further office sirable to remove the ligature finally, 

 than that of securing the bud, was em- until, from the greenness and plump- 

 ployed in the usual way. As soon as | ness of the bud, and the slight swelling 



