CAR 



132 



CAS 



CARPODONTUS lucida. Green- 

 house evergreen tree. Cuttings. Peat 

 and loam. 



CARRICHTERA vella. Hardy an- 

 nual. Seeds. Common soil. A dry 

 situation suits it best. 



CARROT. {Dnucus carota.) "The 

 Carrot is a hardy biennial. The root of 

 the plant in its wild state is small ; dry, 

 sticky, of a white colour, and strong 

 flavoured." 



Varieties. — Those with a regular fusi- 

 form root, are named long carrots; and 

 those having one that is nearly cylin- 

 drical, abruptly terminating, are de- 

 nominated horn carrots. The first are 

 employed for the main crops, the se- 

 cond, "on account of their superior deli- 

 cate flavour, are advantageously grown 

 for early use, and for shallow soils. 



" The principal sorts are the Long 

 Orange, best for the main crop; the 

 Early Horn, for early summer use ; 

 and the Altringham and Large White, 

 for field culture. 



" The cultivation of all the varieties 

 is the same. The plant requires a 

 deeply dug or ploughed soil, in good 

 tilth, otherwise the root is apt to branch 

 or become forked. For the early sup- 

 ply drill the seed (allowing 12 or 14 

 inches space between the drills), in a 

 warm protected border, any time during 

 spring ; the main crop need not be put 

 in before its close. When the plants 

 are up two or three inches in growth, 

 they will require thinning, and cleaning 

 from weeds, either by hand or small 

 hoeing; thin from three to five inches 

 distance, such as are designed for draw- 

 ing, in young and middling growth ; but 

 the main crop, intended for large and 

 full sized roots, thin to six or eight 

 inches distance; keep the whole clean 

 from weeds in their advancing young 

 growth. 



"To preserve them during the win- 

 ter, remove them to the cellar, and pile 

 them up with alternate layers of earth 

 or sand ; or they may be placed in heaps 

 in the garden, with sufficient soil over 

 them to exclude frost. The Carrot is a 

 tolerably hardy root, and but little diffi- 

 culty attends its preservation. 



" It is a valuable food for stock, and 

 in an especial manner worthy of exten- 

 sive field culture. When grown for 

 that purpose sow in drills three feet 

 apart, and cultivate thoroughly — the 

 Long Orange is perhaps the best even 



for this purpose — does not grow so 

 arge as the White, but is of superior 

 quality." — Rural Register. 



To obtain Seed. — Leave some where 

 raised, but if this is impracticable, some 

 of the finest roots should be selected, 

 and their tops not cut so close as those 

 for storing ; these likewise must be 

 placed in sand until March, then to be 

 planted out two feet asunder, in a stifl 

 loamy soil. Those left where grown, or 

 those planted at the close of autumn, 

 must, during frosts, have the protection 

 of litter, it being invariably removed, 

 however, during mild weather. As the 

 seed ripens in August, which is known 

 by its turning brown about the end of 

 August, each umbel should be cut ; for 

 if it is waited for until the whole plant 

 decays, much of the seed is often lost 

 during stormy ' weather. It must be 

 thoroughly dried by exposure to the sun 

 and air, before it is rubbed out for stor- 

 ing. For sowing, the seed should al- 

 ways be of the previous year's growth ; 

 if it is more than two years old it will 

 not vegetate at all. 



CARROT MAGGOT. This under- 

 ground enemy of the carrot is banished 

 by mixing spirit of tar with sand until 

 saturated, and applying it to the soil 

 previously to digging, at the rate of 

 about one gallon to sixty square yards. 

 — Gard. Chron. 



CARROT MOTH. See Tinea. 



CARTHAMUS. Two species. Hardy 

 annuals. Seeds. Sandy loam or com- 

 mon soil. 



CARTONEMA spicatum. Stove her- 

 baceous perennials. Seeds. Sandy 

 peat. 



CARUM carui. Caraway. Hardy 

 biennial. Seeds. Common soil. 



CARYA. Ten species, and some 

 varieties. Hardy deciduous trees. Seeds 

 or layers. Common soil. 



CARYOCAR. Three species. Stove 

 evergreen trees. Cuttings. Sandy open 

 loam, or loam and peat. 



CARYOPHYLLUS aromaiicus. 

 Clove Tree. Stove evergreen tree. 

 Cuttings. Sandy peat and loam. 



CARYOTA. Three species. Stove 

 palms. Seeds. Rich soil and a moist 

 warm atmosphere. 



CASCADE, or Waterfall, is an im- 

 portant adjunct in landscape gardening, 

 but agreeable only when properly as- 

 sociated with the scenery around ; that 

 association is a bold broken ground, and 



