C ES 



138 



CH A 



herbaceous perennial. Division. Com- 

 mon soil. 



CESTRUM. Twenty-eight species. 

 Stove and green-house evergreen shrubs. 

 Cuttings. Peat and loam. C. auran- 

 tiacum is the prettiest species for the 

 green-house. 



CETONIAaura/flt. Green rose chafer, 

 is most severely felt by the gardener 

 when it attacks his strawberries, which 

 it does in May or June. It is described 

 by Mr. Curtis as being " one of our 

 largest and most beautiful beetles, being 

 of a briglit burnished green, often re- 

 flecting a rich golden or copper tint; 

 the horns are short with a small club. 

 The scute] tbrras an elongated triangle; 

 the wings are very long, brownish, and 

 folded beneath the horny wing-cases, 

 which have a few scattered white lines 

 placed transversely, resembling cracks 

 in the green epidermis; the under side 

 is of a fine copper tint often inclining to 

 rose colour. From its nestling and 

 reposing in the flower of the rose, it is 

 generally called the rose-chafer, but it 

 is also attached to the white-thorn, 

 candy-tuft, elder, mountain-ash, peeony 

 and strawberry, the flowers of which it 

 feeds upon. The female rose-chafers 

 lay their eggs in the ground, and the 

 larvae they produce are no doubt often 

 confounded with those of the cock- 

 chafer {Melolontha vulgaris), being as 

 large and very similar, and probably, 

 under the name of " Leverblanc," 

 they have contributed in no small de- 

 gree to augment the ravages in the 

 rose-tree nurseries ofFrance. Although 

 these larv« are very much alike, it is 

 not difficult to distinguish them, those 

 of the rose-chafer being downy, and 

 covered with transverse series of short 

 hairs; and the feet are pointed; whereas, 

 the grubs of the cock-chafer are naked, 

 and the feet are blunt and rather dilated 

 at the trips. 



" These maggots are fat, the head- 

 horns and six pectoral feet are rusty 

 ochreous ; the tips of the strong jaws 

 are black, the extremity of the abdo- 

 men is of a pale ink colour from the 

 food shining through the transparent 

 skin ; but in the rose-chafer there is a 

 large horny bright rust-coloured spot on 

 each side of the first thoracic segment. 

 The simplest remedy is to collect the 

 beetles, which are large and conspicu- 

 ous, into bottles or cans of water, in 

 the morning and evening, or in dull 



weather during the day, for they fly 

 very well, when the sun shines, which 

 renders it difficult to capture them 

 unless a net be used : when the search 

 is ended, the contents of the vessel 

 should be emptied into boiling water." 

 — Gard. Chron. 



CH^.TACHL^NA odorata. Green- 

 house herbaceous perennial. Seed. 

 Sandy loam. 



CHiETANTHERA. Two species. 

 Green-house herbaceous perennials. 

 Division. Peat and loam. 



CH^TOCALYX vincentina. Stove 

 evergreen climber. Cuttings. Peat and 

 loam. 



CH.'ETOGASTRA. Two species. 

 Stove annual and herbaceous peren- 

 nial. Seed. Peat and loam. 



CHALK. Carbonate of lime, con- 

 tains, when pure — 



Carbonic acid .... 45 



Lime 55 



But as it usually occurs it contains about 

 twenty-four per cent, of water, and five 

 per cent, of silica (flint), alumina (clay), 

 and oxide (rust) of iron. After these 

 deductions it will be apparent that if 

 fifty tons of lime be applied to land, it 

 will be equal to more thaiji one hundred 

 of chalk, a subject worthy of considera- 

 tion when it has to be conveyed from 

 afar. Chalk is usually employed in 

 large quantities to improve the staple of 

 a soil. It makes heavy soils less re- 

 tentive of moisture, and light sandy 

 soils more retentive. On wet sour lands 

 it neutralizes the acids which render 

 them unproductive. Some chalks con- 

 tain phosphate of lime, and this being a 

 constituent of all plants, such chalk is 

 to be preferred. Some contains a large 

 proportion of carbonate of magnesia, 

 which is less beneficial. 



CHAMiEDOREA. Two species. 

 Palms. Rich sandy loam. Suckers. 



CHA.MMLEDON procumbens. Hardy 

 evergreen shrub. Layers. Sandy peat 



CHAMjELIRIUM carolinianum 

 Hardy herbaceous perennial. Division 

 Peat and loam. 



CHAMISSOA altissima. Stove ever 

 green shrub. Cuttings. Common soil 



CHAMiEROPS. Seven species 

 Palms. Suckers. Rich mould. 



CHAMOMILE. Anthemis. See 

 Camomile. 



CHAPTALIA tomentosa. Hardy her- 

 baceous perennial. Division. Com- 

 mon soil. 



