C IR 



151 



C IT 



rods, to which they are securRil by wire. 

 Commencing with the central branches, 

 the leaves are taken froin the parts 

 which the tin is intended to inclose; 

 the branch is cut two-thirds through as 

 in layering, and being enclosed by the 

 funnel, the latter is well packed with 

 moss. Moisture necessary lor favour- 

 ing the emission of roots is supplied by 

 means of a bottle, from which the bot- 

 tom is struck off, and the neck furnished 

 with a cork, perforated so as to admit 

 a small pigeon's feather or bit of wool 

 to form a syphon, by means of which 

 the moss is kept in a proper state of 

 moisture. Hard-wooded plants are pro- 

 pagated in this way from the middle of 

 May till the end of June ; and the 

 branches are sullicicntly rooted to be 

 taken off by the end of September. It 

 is, however, necessary in all cases, to 

 ascertain whether the branches are suffi- 

 ciently rooted previously to their being 

 separated. This is easily done by open- 

 ing up the edges of the tin ; when the 

 branches are found to be sufficiently 

 rooted they are potted off without re- 

 moving the moss by which the roots 

 are surrounded. Being moderately 

 watered, they are immediately placed 

 under glass on a slighthot-bed, and kept 

 shut up for a fortnight. They are then 

 gradually exposed, and afterwards 

 placed in the shade of large trees, so 

 that only half the rays of the sun shall 

 reach them." — Card. Chron. 



ClKRllJF.A. Six species. Stove 

 epiphytes. Division. Wood. 



CIRROPETALUM. 



>cvcn species. 



Stove epiphytes. Division. Wood. 



C I R S I U M. Eighty-six species. 

 Hardy annuals, biennials, and herbace- 

 ous perennials. Seeds or division. 

 Common soil. 



CISSAMPELOS. Six species. Stove 

 or green-house climbers. Cuttings. 

 Sandy peat. 



CISSUS. Seventeen species. Stove 

 or green-house evergreen climbers. 

 Cuttings. Light rich soil. 



CISTERNS for the accumulation of 

 rain-water should be formed in connec- 

 tion with the gutters of the various 

 buildings in the gardens, for no water 

 is equal to it for the artificial supply of 

 moisture to plants. 



CISTUS. Thirty-nine species and 

 varieties. Hardy evergreen shrubs. 

 Layers or ripened cuttings. Common 

 soil. 



C I T H A R E Y L U M. Nine species. 

 Stove evergreen trees. Cuttings. Peat 

 and loam. 



CITRON. Citrus. 



CITRUS. Fourteen species. Green- 

 house evergreen fruit trees or shrubs, 

 budding or grafting, and sometimes 

 cuttings. Rich loamy soil mixed with 

 dung. 



For the structure of a house suitable 

 for their cultivation, see Orangery. 

 The following extracts from an essay 

 by Mr. Jones, gardener at Knowsley, 

 exhibits the successful practice in cul- 

 tivating this genus, pursued by Mr. 

 Burden, gardener at Hurst Plouse, Lan- 

 cashire. 



Varieties. — Those who wish to culti- 

 vate the orange tree for the sake of the 

 fruit, ought to be very careful in making 

 a selection of sorts, especially of sweet 

 oranges. 



The best way, perhaps, is to procure 

 grafts or young plants from such varie- 

 ties as have proved themselves to be 

 good in other establishments, or proved 

 plants from a nursery. 



So/7. — Too much attention cannot be 

 paid to the soil ; its principal features 

 ought to bo lightness, richness, and 

 openness of texture, and unless it pos- 

 sess these qualities it is unfit for the 

 orange tribe. 



Water. — This must at all times be 

 sparingly administered, especially if 

 the trees are kept in a high moist tem- 

 perature. Occasionally give a little 

 weak liquid manure. 



Temperature. — Itisdoubtless an erro- 

 neous opinion, that if the atmospheric 

 temperature is S^ to 10^ above the 

 freezing point during winter, and is 

 never allowed to rise above 70^ or 80° 

 during summer, that the orange tribe, 

 other circumstances being flivourable, 

 may be cultivated successfully. Mr. 

 Durden never allows the temperature 

 of his house to fiill below 50^ during the 

 winter season, and during summer 

 retains a moist atmosphere of 80o or 

 903, 



After-Culture. — In pruning, if the 

 plants are trained on trellises, the 

 branches should be kept thin to allow 

 the greater part of the leaves to be ex- 

 posed to the sun. The fruit is generally 

 produced at the tips of the small spurs 

 or brackets; therefore it would be a 

 positive injury to the crop to shorterv 

 any of these spurs, except it is desirable 



