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" It is, moreover, particularly appli- I themselves. Plant in rows three feet; 

 cable to those kinds which are horny- | two feet if in the flower-border. Plant 



rooted and difficult to break ; or such as 

 ' Taylor's Sultana,' with long stringy 

 tubers, which seldom live through the 

 winter; and to others which break late. 

 To all such this mode is recommended 



in the back rows. They require to be 

 staked. Seedlings thus treated will 

 blow in July, and continue in perfection 

 till the autumn." — Hart. Transac. 

 By cuttings. — " The shoots are ai- 



with the greatest confidence of success, j lowed to grovv until they have three 

 The operation is exceedingly simple, pair of leaves, and they are cut off just 

 (see figure 33), and may be performed ! under the second pair and above the 

 at any time from January to December, i lowest pair. Where one cutting is 

 (provided you have a good growing i taken off plenty of others follow, and 

 heat,) not only with young green shoots, ! these are to be served the same way. 

 but with others more advanced, if not! There must be care used that the cut- 

 hollow or pithy. The usual manner is' tings taken off are from three to four 

 to take a scion with six or eight leaves, | inches long, and that you leave a pair 

 cut it smooth below the joint, take off [ of leaves below ; for at every leaf there 

 one of the lower leaves without injuring ' is an embryo bud which will form a 

 the eye, and then cut away a portion j shoot, which shoot will in turn yield a 

 (half or three-quarters of an inch) of the ' cutting, and in two other embryo buds." 



skin or fleshy part of the wood between 

 each of the lower eyes 



Glenny: Gard. and Pract. Flor. 



" The cuttings, when taken off, may 



" Have ready a good sound piece of j be struck the same as shoots, but they 

 tuber of the last or present season (if | do not take root so rapidly. It must 

 ripe), in which make a slanting longi-! dejiend on the room you have whether 

 tudinat incision of one or two inches, you will plant a dozen cuttings round a 

 according to circumstances, and about forty-eight-sized pot, or put one cutting 

 half an inch wide at top, gradually t each into twelve small ones. In one 

 tapering off to the bottom, and fix the 1 case but little room is taken up while 



scion firmly into it. The root should 

 then be planted in a pot, with the 

 grafted part just below the mould, and 

 placed under a bell-glass, or in a warm 

 close frame ; but the former is best. 



" In eight or ten days the union will 

 be complete, and air may be gradually 

 given. After a short time you will be 

 able to head it down, either forcuttings, 

 if in spring, or grafts for summer and 

 autumn. It is advisable to leave at all 

 times four eyes, to ensure a vigorous 

 growth; and also to shift the plant into a 

 larger pot occasionally." — Gard. Chron. 



By Seed. — Mr. Sabine gives the fol- 

 lowing directions : — 



" Collect the seed in September from 



they are striking, and this is often of 

 importance. When they have struck 

 root they must be potted singly into 

 sixty-sized pots, or thumb-pots, kept in 

 heat a few days to establish them, and 

 then be replaced under some kind of 

 protection till planting them." — Ibid. 



Propagation by eyes. — " In cases," 

 adds Mr. Glenny, " where it is of great 

 importance to increase a plant, they 

 may be propagated by eyes, which will 

 double the increase. In this case there 

 may be half a dozen or more plants 

 made out of one shoot, or seedling, 

 taken off properly. Suppose there be 

 three parts of leaves besides the end 

 joint, the end joint, which will have two 



„„..„,-■...„- — „... — , .. — J , — J , - -- 



dwarf plants and from semi-double leaves, and the heart may be cut off 



flowers, when double varieties are 

 chiefly desired. Perhaps seeds obtain- 

 ed from those particular florets of the 

 disc which have altered their form, may 

 have a greater tendency than others to 

 produce plants with double flowers. 

 Sow in March, heat of 55^ or 65^ ; 

 prick out, if necessary, in pots, and 

 keep in a moderate temperature, say 

 60° or 55", till the end of April. Plant 



close to the under leaves, which may 

 be carefully removed ; and thus forms 

 a cutting. The stem left is to be split 

 up, each half having the two or three 

 leaves. These are to be cut close under 

 each leaf Half the portion of split 

 stem, and the whole of the leaf, still 

 remain, and these must be put an inch 

 into the soil, each forty-eiglit-sized pot 

 holding six, planted against the sides. 



out to remain, covering each plant at , The bud at the base of each leaf will 

 night with an empty pot for some weeks, } make a plantif placed in a hot-bed : and 

 to avoid injury from spring frosts to i when they have become well rooted 



