FED 



221 



FEN 



70°. — Water, g'we more freely than last 

 month ; keep in open pans constantly. 

 — Watch sedulously for the green fly 

 and red spider. 



GREEN-HOrSE. 



Air, admit freely whenever practica- 

 ble ; it is now still more important than 

 in winter. — Dead Wood, cut away as it 

 appears. — Earth, give fresh generally. 

 — Head down shrubs irregularly grown. 

 — Heat, give as necessary, to keep the j 

 temp, above 32'-'. — Labels, renew where 

 wanted. — Leaves, keep clean, and re- 

 move those decayed. — Priming of 

 Oranges, ^-c., complete. — Shelter, by 

 putting mats over the glass in severe 

 weather. — Shift into large pots where | 

 required. — Water more oflen than last' 

 month, wherever needed, but only a 

 little at a time. 



FEDIA cornucopia. Hardy annual. 

 Seed. Common soil. 



FENCES are employed to mark the 

 boundary of property, to exclude tres- 

 passers, either human or quadrupedal, 

 and to afford shelter. They are either 

 live fences, and are then known as 

 hedges, or dead, and are then either 

 banks, ditches, palings, or walls ; or 

 they are a union of those two, to which 

 title* the reader is referred. 



The following is the English law on 

 the subject : — 



In the eye of the law a hedge, fence, 

 ditch, or other inclosure of land, is for 

 its better manuring and improvement; 

 and various remedies are therefore pro- 

 vided for their preservation. 



The common using of a wall separat- 

 ing adjoining lands belonging to differ- 

 ent owners is jjrm(5/ac/<; evidence that 

 the wall, and the land on which it 

 stands, belongs in equal moieties to the 

 owners of those lands as tenants in 

 common. {Cubitt v. Porter, 8 B. & C. 

 257.) 



One of such tenants in common of a 

 wall or hedge may maintain an action 

 of trespass against the co-tenant for in- 

 juring the wall or for grubbing up the 

 hedge, but not for clipping the latter. 

 (Voyce v. Toi/ce, Gow. 201.) 



If a field be fenced with a bank and 

 ditch, it is not a necessary consequence 

 that his ditch extends eight feet from 

 the interior line of the bunk's foot, viz., 

 four feet for t)ie base of the bank, and 

 four feet for the ditch ; and the owner 

 has no right to cut into his neighbour's 



field to widen the ditch beyond the 

 proof of its ancient width. (Vowles v. 

 Miller, 3 Taunton, 137.) 



Where two fields are separated by a 

 hedge and ditch, the \\e6ge,prijn(i facie, 

 belongs to the owner of the field in 

 which the ditch is not. If there are 

 two ditches, one on each side the ditch, 

 evidence must prove acts of ownership 

 over the hedge to show to whom it be- 

 longs. {Guy V. West, 2 Selwyn, N. P. 

 1287.) 



The owner of the wall or hedge is 

 bound to repair it; and if any injury 

 arises from its being out of repair, an 

 action on the case lies. 



Any one stealing or cutting, breaking 

 or throwing down, with the intent to 

 steal, any fence, post, pales, rail, stile, 

 or gate, or any part thereof, may be 

 fined by a justice of the peace the 

 amount of the injury done, and a fine 

 not exceeding bl. Committing the same 

 offence a second time renders the of- 

 fender liable to twelve months' impri- 

 sonment and a whipping. 



Stealing metal garden-fencing is a 

 felony. In America each State has its 

 own peculiar laws on this as on other 

 subjects. In Pennsylvania, by an Act 

 of 1700, entitled ".4/1 act for the regu- 

 lating and maintaining of Fences," it 

 was provided that " all cornfields and 

 grounds kept for inclosures within the 

 said province and counties annexed, 

 shall be well fenced with fence at least 

 five feet high, and close at the bottom, 

 &c." By an Act of 1729, it was pro- 

 vided that " to prevent disputes about 

 the sufficiency of fences, all fences 

 shall be esteemed lawful and sufficient, 

 though they be not close at the bottom, 

 so that the distance from the ground to 

 the bottom thereof, exceed not nine 

 inches; and that they be lour feet and 

 a half high, and not under." Both acts 

 are operative in certain counties only. — 

 See Pardon's Digest. 



Ornamental fences for enclosing gar- 

 dens, yards, &c., are almost as diversi- 

 fied as the ideas of beauty in the human 

 mind. "The impression, on viewing 

 grounds laid out with some preten- 

 sion to taste, is governed in a degree, 

 by the style and character of the sur- 

 rounding fence. It is a great mistake 

 to suppose the most elaborate (and of 

 course costly) arc the most pleasing ; 

 j yet acting on this supposition, we see 

 1 exhibited fences which appear to have 



