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To raise Varieties. — The seed must bush, B B is the soil taken out about 

 be taken from perfectly ripe berries, eighteen inches all round the plant, 

 and sown immediately in pots of light i and about six inches deep at C, that if 

 loam, to remain in the green-house ' there are any buds or suckers, they are 

 during winter, or be preserved in sand ; sure to be seen and destroyed. Thisdo 

 until February, and then sown. The j every year in December, and as soon 

 soil must be kept moderately moist un- as the soil is taken out, spread cowdung 

 til they are large enough to prick out over the roots as shown at B, after 

 in beds. ' which replace the earth that has been 



Cu^img-s are the best mode of propa- ' taken out: when you have any new 

 gating approved kinds. Take a bearing seedlings to propagate, do not take out 

 shoot not less than nine inches long; the soil, but lay the manure round them, 

 remove all the buds but the top three, , and cover it with a layer of earth, 

 and bury them to within an inch of the which encourages the plant to produce 

 lowest bud left. Plant them in rows suckers. 



eighteen inches apart each way. 



'■ By these means good bushes are 



Culture. — At the end of the first year, sooner obtained than by cuttings, and 

 the shoots must be cut down to a few generally speaking, well-rooted suckers 

 eyes, and the plants kept clear from may be taken off in October, which 

 any summer shoots that may be on the , produce fruit the following year. The 

 stem or that spring from the root; they cuttings should be deprived of all their 

 must have plenty of water the first sum- under-ground eyes or buds ; before they 



They will be fit to plant out in two 

 or three years into borders or quarters, 

 at eight feet between the rows, and six 

 feet apart. At the time of planting out, 

 some rich compost may be added with 

 great etfect towards the flavour, size, 

 and abundance of the crop. — Doyle. 



" There is a continual tendency on 



are put into the ground to take cuttings 

 from twelve to fifteen inches long, cut 

 the upper end to a bud, leaving three or 

 four other buds below it, then pare 

 away all the other buds, and pick out 

 the lowest of all, finishing just below it 

 by a horizontal clean cut." — Card. 

 Chron. 

 Pruning in the summer is confined 



the part of the under ground buds to to pinching off superfluous and mis 



become branches, and these are the placed shoots, it always being kept in 



suckers that we find so troublesome in ' " ' " 



many kinds of soils. By continually 



stopping and wounding them, however, 



they will in general perish; and to do 



this is what we recommend. 



" The Lancashire gooseberry grow- 

 ers adopt the following as the best 

 means of preventing gooseberries from 



mind that the centre of the tree 

 standards must be kept open so as to 

 admit the light. " At the time of prun- 

 ing," says Mr. Doyle, " some fine young 

 shoots should be left in the most con- 

 venient place as bearing wood for the 

 ensuing year, and room must be made 

 for them by cutting out some of the old 



throwing up suckers, and also an excel- wood. Each of the old branches should 

 lent plan of insuring an abundance of have a leader left of new wood, which 



large fruit. 



may be shortened according to its 



" In the sketch, (Fig. 60,) A is tlie ' strength so as to leave five or six inches 



above the old wood. Very strong shoots 

 need not be so much shortened unless 

 in a part of the bush which is naked, 

 and requires to be furnished. 



" Avoid shortening the shoots unless 

 when the tree is naked, or the wood 

 will be crowded, tufted, and productive 

 of very small and indifferent fruit. The 

 leading shoot at the end of each branch 

 should, where it is possible, terminate 

 naturally, if it be not inconsistent with 

 the equable extent of the tree ; and in 

 most cases it may still be so contrived 

 by having recourse to the next lateral 

 branch of the desired extent, and by 



