PIN 



460 



P IP 



after beinrr by degrees inured to the tied close withoutfurther hazard. When 

 sun, may be transplanted six inches > the forvvardest blooms begin to expand, 

 aoart in an open bed previously pre- hoops should be fixed across the bed, to 

 pared for the purpose, in which situa- support mats or any other lighter mate- 

 tion they may remain until required for rial that will serve to protect the flow- 

 planting finally in the beds, where they ' ers either from the rain or from the rays 

 are to bloom. — Gard. Chron. j of the sun. They need not, however, 



Soil and Manure. — Sandy turfy loam, [ be shaded earlier than nine o'clock in 

 such as the top spit of an old pasture, the morning, or later than five or six in 

 mixed with one-fourth its bulk of old the evening; but if there is the least 

 cow-dung, makes a soil very beneficial appearance of a wet night, they had 

 to this flower. Woollen rags mixed 1 better be covered before leaving them. 

 with the soil are also strongly recom- ; Should the season be dry, they will re- 

 mended. I quire regular watering between the 

 Bed. — Raise the bed six inches above ' rows; rain or pond water, where pro- 

 the soil around, and formed like a curable, is always to be preferred. A 

 pitched roof, thus: The compost should little clay or stiflT loam placed in the 



form of a margin round the edge of the 

 Fig. 128. bed would serve as a basin, and prevent 



the water from escaping into the path 

 or alley." — Gard. Chron. 



PIN-PILLAR. Opuntia curassavica. 

 PINUS. Kir Tree. Sixty-eight spe- 

 cies and many varieties. Seed, layers, 

 be at least a foot deep. Plant in rows, inarching or grafting. Sandy loam on 

 and twelve inches apart each way. a dry subsoil. See Conifera. 



After Culture. — "The first thing to PIP, in floriculture, is a single corolla 

 be attended to will be to thin out the ; or flower, where several grow upon a 

 flower-stems, in order to throw more i common stem, as in the Polyanthus and 

 strength into those which are left. Auricula. The pips thus growing to- 

 When the plants are weak all the ! gether are described as a Ti'uss. 

 stems should be removed but one, and I PIPER. Pepper. Twenty-seven 

 on a plant of moderate size not more I species. Stove evergreen shrubs. Cut- 

 than three should be retained. These I tings and suckers; loam and peat. On 

 again should be looked over, and the the culture of the Black Pepper, (P. 



lateral flower-buds removed from them 

 leaving only the terminal bud and the 



Tiigrum.) Dr. Lindley observes, that 

 it grows luxuriantly in many stoves, 



next but one below it; provided these i biit is shy in ripening its fruit. This is 

 are perfect in form, all the rest may be probably owing to the uniform moisture 

 pinched off". In tying up the stems of which is kept in these places. It should 

 pinks and other plants of this class 

 great judgment is required; in fact, de- 

 lay is better in this instance than too 

 much haste. If tied too high at first, 

 the stems, as they lengthen, are pre- 



be planted in a large tub or box well 

 drained, all the strong flower-bearing 

 shoots should be supported with strong 

 stakes, and the small useless ones cut 

 away. When not growing much, keep 



vented by the ligature from growing it rather dry, and give it a slight check, 

 erect, and become crooked, or perhaps and be careful not to give it too much 

 snap off" at the joints. They should, I water after flowering. Bottom heat, 

 therefore, be looked to every day particularly when growing, is indispen- 

 where practicable; and if there is the [sable." — Gard. Chron. 



PIPERIDGE, the Barberry. 



PIPES for heating horticultural struc- 



least appearance of any flower-stem 



having become cramped the tie should 



immediately be cut loose. The safest } tures are preferably made of cast iron, 



painted black. Earthenware has been 

 recommended for the purpose, but they 

 arc so much more liable to breakage 

 and leakage, as to outweigh any original 

 saving in the cost. For draining, earthen 



way is to secure the bush to the flower 



stick, to which, the stem should be 



looselv tied so as to allow it perfect 



liberty to slide through as it increases 



in height. These ligatures, when the 



plants have acquired their full growth, : pipes with a bore an inch in diameter 



can be easily removedj and the plants are the best. 



