QUI 



490 



RAD 



next autumn ; then transplant into nur- i varieties which answer best at difTerent 



sery rows two feet asunder; plant the 

 suckers also at the same distance, and 

 train the whole for the purposes intend- 

 ed ; if for standards with a stem, to any 

 desired height, from three to six feet; 

 then encourage them to branch out at 

 top, to form a head ; and those designed 

 as dwarfs must be headed near the 

 ground, and trained accordingly, for 

 espaliers or dwarf standards. 



When they have formed tolerable 

 heads, plant them out finally. Standard 



seasons of the year. For the early 

 crops, use the Long Scarlet Short Top ; 

 the Long Salmon, similar to the above, 

 but of lighter colour, and white at the 

 point; the Scarlet Turnip Rooted, and 

 White Turnip Rooted ; frequent sow- 

 ings are necessary, as all the foregoing 

 soon become pithy and shoot to seed. 

 In flavour they differ but little; dis- 

 crimination is from fancy. At the same 

 time the early kinds are sown, make 

 a sowing of the Yellow Turnip, and 



quinces, designed as fruit trees, may be Summer White, which are fine kinds, 

 stationed in the garden or orchard and i withstand the heat, and are firm and 

 some by the sides of any water in by , crisp even in hot weather ; frequent 

 places, suffering the whole to take their sowings of these, as well as the White 

 own natural growth. And as espaliers i Spanish or Black Spanish, as most I iked, 

 they may be arranged with other mode- j should be made during the summer 

 rate growing trees, about fifteen feet i months. The two latter kinds sown in 



apart. — Abercrombie. 



the autumn, keep well throughout the 



QUINCUNX is the form resulting i winter, if secured from frost. In the 



from planting in rows, with one plant 

 opposite the centre of each vacancy 

 in the row on each side of it, as in this 

 diagram. — 



Fig. 138. 



QUISQUALIS. Four species. Stove 

 evergreen climbers. Young cuttings. 

 Sandy loam and peat. 



QUIVISIA heterophylla. Stove ever- 

 green shrub. Ripe cuttings. Peat and 

 light loam. 



RADISH.— "The Radish is originally 

 from the East Indies, but cultivated in 

 Europe since the sixteenth century, 



autumn, any of the early kinds may be 

 again sown ; when about to do so, al- 

 ways observe to dig the earth deeply, 

 and pulverize it well, which tends to 

 produce fine shaped roots." — Rural 

 Reg. 



To obtain Seed. — Leave in April or 

 early May, some of the most perfect 

 plants of a main crop. When in full 

 vigour they must be taken up with as 

 little injury as possible to the roots and 

 leaves, and planted in rows three feet 

 asunder each way, being inserted by 

 the dibble, completely down to the 

 leaves. Water must be applied until 

 they have taken root, and occasionally 

 throughout their growth, especially 

 when in flower. If practicable, it is 

 best to leave some plants where raised. 



To obtain seeds of the Black Span- 

 ish, some seeds must be sown in March, 

 or some of the winter-standing crop 

 left or transplanted during that month. 



The flowers open from June until 



Formerly the leaves were often boiled j August, and their pods are of a size fit 

 and stewed ; but now the roots are | for pickling, as they must be gathered 

 chiefly employed. The young seedling whilst young and tender, during that 

 leaves are often used with cress and last month, or July. For seed, they 



mustard, as small salad, and radish seed 

 pods, when of plump growth, but still 

 young and green, are used to increase 

 the variety of vegetable pickles, and 

 are considered a tolerable substitute for 

 capers. 



"The well known manner in which 

 this vegetable is cultivated, renders 



must be cut as soon as they become of 

 a brown hue, and well dried, otherwise 

 it will thresh with difficulty. 



Two varieties must never be raised 

 near each other, and seed of the pre- 

 vious year's raising should always be 

 employed. 



Forcing. — A moderate hot-bed is re- 

 any observations thereon unnecessary. | quired for this crop, of a length ac- 

 All that is required, is to point out the j cording with that of the frame to be 



