S CH 



532 



S CI 



Stove 

 Loam, 



Stove 



Stove 

 Loam, 



evergreen shrub. Cuttings. Loam and 

 sandy peat. 



SCIIIZOPETALON Walkeri. Half- 

 hardy annual. Seeds. Loam, peat, 

 and sand. 



SCIIOMBURGHIA. Three species. 

 Stove orchids. Division. A block ot 

 wood, or turfy heath mould and pot- 

 sherds. 



SCHOTIA. Five species. Stove or 

 green-house evergreen shrubs. Cut- 

 tings. Loam and peat. 



SCHRADERA cephalotes. 

 evergreen climber. Cuttings. 

 peat, and sand. 



SCHRANKIA. Two species 

 and half-hardy herbaceous perennials. 

 Young cuttings or division. Loam, 

 peat, and sand. 



SCHUBERTIA gravcolens 

 evergreen twiner. Cuttings, 

 peat, and sand. 



SCLERA. A genus of ]Midges. S. 

 Jiyri, Small Pear Midge. S. Schmid- 

 bergeri, Large Pear Midge. When a 

 fallen pear is cut open, it is often found 

 core-eaten, and with a brown powder 

 marking the progress of the assailant. 

 This is caused by the larva of these 

 insects. The midges appear early in 

 July. M. Kollar says, that the small 

 pear midge has club-shaped halteres, 

 the club dark brown, and the stem 

 whitish. When alive, the abdomen is 

 of a lead colour, with black wings. 

 The head and thorax are black, as are 

 also the antennae ; the palpi are of a 

 pale yellow, the feet whitish, and the 

 tarsi black. 



The Large Pear Midge appears 

 about the same time as the preceding. 

 M. Kollar thus describes it: "The 

 female is little more than a line long, 

 and half a line thick, also much larger 

 than the smaller pear midge ; the male is 

 more slender, and somewhat shorter. 

 The antennffi are blackish, and not so 

 long as the body. The head is black 

 and shining, as is also the thorax ; the 

 proboscis ash-gray, the abdomen of the 

 male a deep black, that of the female 

 browner, with black wings ; the anal 

 point, however, is quite black. The 

 feet ash-gray, and the tarsi and wings 

 black. They both survive the winter, 

 and deposit their eggs in the blossom, 

 when it opens in early spring. The 

 larva eats its way into the core of the 

 young fruit, and again eats its way out 



it to bury itself in the ground, and pass 

 into the chrysalis form." — Kollar. 



SCILLA. Scjuill. Thirty-onespecies, 

 and many varieties. All bulbous per- 

 ennials, and chiefly hardy. S. hrevi- 

 folia is a green-house, S. indica is a 

 stove species. Offsets. Light soil. 



SCIODAPHYLLUM. Seven species. 

 Stove or green-house evergreen trees, 

 shrubs, and climbers. Cuttings. Loam, 

 peat, and sand. 



SCION is the portion of the branch 

 selected for insertion in the stock, and 

 destined to become the future plant. 

 The following directions, given by Mr. 

 Loudon, embrace all the information 

 generally applicable to the subject. 

 All particular directions will be found 

 under the title of the plant to be graft- 

 ed from : — 



" Scions are generally the shoots of 

 last summer's growth, from the outside 

 lateral branches of healthy trees, be- 

 cause in them the shoots are not so 

 robust and apt to run to wood as in the 

 centre and top of the tree, nor so weak 

 as those which are at its base, and un- 

 der the shade and drip of the rest. An 

 exception to this rule is to be found in 

 the case of debilitated trees, where the 

 scions should be taken from the strong- 

 est shoots. The middle part of each 

 shoot makes always the best scion; but 

 long shoots, and especially where the 

 scion is of a rare variety, may be cut 

 into several scions of four or six inches 

 in length, reserving not fewer than two 

 nor more than five eyes to form the 

 future head of the tree. 



" Scions should be cut several weeks 

 before the season for grafting arrives; 

 the reason is that grafting may most 

 successfully be performed by allowing 

 the stock to have some advantage over 

 the graft in forwardness of vegetation. 

 It is desirable that the sap of the stock 

 should be in brisk motion at the time 

 of grafting ; but by this time the buds 

 of the scion, if left on the parent tree, 

 would be equally advanced ; whereas, 

 the scions being gathered early, the 

 buds are kept back, and ready only to 

 swell out when placed on the stock. 

 Scions of pears, plums, and cherries 

 are collected in the end of January or 

 beginning of February. They are kept 

 at full length, sunk in dry earth, and 

 out of the reach of frost, till wanted, 

 which is sometimes from the middle 



at one side, when the time arrives for i of February to the middle of March. 



