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557 



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be no doubt that it would be productive hours ; a birch tree, a quantity equal to 



of benefit; and this desideratum seems its own weight, duriii;r the bleeding 



to be secured by the plan suggested by season; and a moderate sized maple, 



M. Aibrett in the instances of apples about two hundred pints, during the 



and pears ; and I see no reason forbid- 

 ding its adoption to any other grafted 

 tree. He recommends the grafts always 



same period. 



The habit of the stock, also, is of 

 much more importance than is usually 



to be inserted close to the surface of considered. If it grows more rapidly. 



the ground, or they might be even 

 rather below the surface, by scooping 

 out the earth around the stems of the 



or has larger sap vessels than the scion 

 or bud, an enlargement occurs below 

 these; but if they grow more rapidly 



stocks. When planted out, the lowest than the stock, an enlargement takes 

 extremity of the graft should be about place just above the point of union. In 



four inches below the surface. 



either case, the tree is usually rendered 



After two or three years, at the close temporarily more prolific; but in the 



of June, the soil should be removed, case where the stock grows more slow- 



and just above the junction of the graft ly, the productiveness is often of very 



and stock, with a gouge, one fourth of short duration, the supply of sap annu- 



the bark removed by four cuts on op- ally becoming less and less sufficient to 



posite sides of the stem. 



sustain the enlarged production of blos- 



The cuts being deep enough to re- som and leaves. This very frequently 



move the inner bark, and the wounds occurs in the freer growing cherries, 



covered immediately with rich soil, when inserted upon the wild species; 



formed of one part putrescent cow- and still more frequently to the peach 



dung, and two parts maiden loam, if and apricot upon stocks of the slow 



kept constantly moist with water, and growing plums. It is highly important, 



occasionally with liquid manure, roots therefore, to employ stocks, the growth 



will usually be speedily emitted, espe- 

 cially if the place where a bud once 

 was formed be thus kept moist beneath 

 the soil. 



But the stock has some other influ- 



of which is as nearly similar as may be 

 to the parent of the buds or scion. 



The earlier vegetation of the stock 

 than of the bud or graft is also import- 

 ant ; for, if these are earliest in develop- 



ence over the sap, besides limiting the ment, they are apt to be exhausted and 

 quantity supplied to the scion, an in- die before the flow of sap has enabled 

 fluence not only arising from the size of granulation and union between the faces 

 its vessels, but upon its susceptibility to of the wounds, at the junction, to occur, 

 heat. It has a further influence over Mr. Knight-s observations upon this 

 the scion, by the sap becoming more point are the results of experience, and 

 rich, indicated by its acquiring a great- are so consonant with the suggestions 

 r; specific gravity in some stocks than of science, that I will quote them in his 

 in others, during its upward progress, own words, without comment : — 

 The specific gravity of the sap of a " The practice of grafting the pear 

 black cluster vine stock, on which a on the quince stock, and the peach and 

 black Hamburgh had been grafted, was, apricot on the plum, when extensive 

 when obtained six inches from the growth and durability are wanted, is 

 ground, 1003; and at five feet from the wrong; but it is eligible whenever it 

 ground, 1006 ; but the same black Ham- is wished to diminish the vigour and 

 burgh, growing upon its own roots, growth of the tree, and where its dura- 

 had specific gravities at corresponding bility is not thought important. The 



heights of 1004 and 1009. 



last remark applies chiefly to the Moor- 



This increase is of great importance park a{)ricot,the abricot prchc, or abri- 

 to a tree's growth, when the quantity cot de Nancy, of the French. 



of sap passing annually through its ves- 



When great difficulty occurs in 



sels is considered. The exact amount making a tree, whether fructiferous or 



of this it is, perhaps, impossible to dis- ornamental, of any species or variety, 



cover; but its extent may be appreciated produce blossoms, or in making its 



bv the quantity of moisture their roots blossoms set when produced, success 



are known to imbibe, and by llic facts probably will be obtained by budding 



that a small vine branch has poured out or grafting upon a stock nearly enough 



sixteen ounces of sap in twenty-four allied to the graft to preserve it alive 



