T R A 



598 



TRE 



annuals and biennials. Seeds. Rich 

 loamy soil, in water. 



TRAVELER'S JOY. Clematis vi- 

 talha. 



TRAVELER'S JOY. Clematis vi- 

 orna. 



TREACLE MUSTARD. Clypeola. 



TREE CELANDINE. Bocconiafru- 



icSCB7XS 



TREE GUARDS. The following are 

 cheap and effectual. Mr. W. Brown, 

 gardener at Merevale Hall, uses stakes 



wind blow as it may, for the guard 

 moves freely with the tree in every di- 

 rection." — Gard. Chron. 



TREES are a chief material in land- 

 scape gardening. Trees and shrubs 

 are of different shapes, colours, and 

 growths. 



" The varieties in their shapes," says 

 Mr. Whateley, " may be reduced to the 

 following heads. Some thick with 

 branches and foliage have almost an 

 appearance of solidity, as the beach. 



about the thickness of the wrist, seven ! the elm, the lilac, and seringa. Others 

 feet in length, and tolerably straight: j thin of boughs and of leaves, seem light 

 he chops each a little flat on one side, i and airy, as the ash, and the arbele,tlie 

 gets some iron hooping a little thicker | common arbor vitte, and the tamarisk, 

 than coopers are in the habit of using i " There is a mean betwixt the two cx- 

 for barrels ; he punches holes through [ tremes, very distinguishable from both, 



as in the bladder-nut, and the ashen- 

 leaved maple. They may again be di- 



it six inches apart (with one near each 

 end), nails it to the stakes on the chop- 

 ped side, one foot from the top of! vided into those whose branches begin 



them, and one foot from the bottom ; 

 then raises it and bends it circularly 



from the ground, and those which shoot 

 up in a stem before their branches begin. 



round the tree, observing that the hoops Trees which have some, and not much 



are placed inside nearest the tree ; the 

 holes left at each end of the hoop are 

 then clenched up with a nail, and the 

 guard is then complete. — Gard. Chron. 

 The following plan is somewhat simi- 

 lar: — " Procure stakes of ash or larch, 

 s\x feet in length, or more if requisite, 

 and about two inches in diameter, and 

 bore holes through the tops and bot- 

 toms, about one foot from each end. 

 Get a similar hole drilled up the centre 

 of a stake, and saw it off in lengths of 

 two inches, or rather less ; pass a stron 



clear stem, as several of the firs, belong 

 to the former class; but a very short 

 stem will rank as a shrub, such as the 

 althaea in the latter. 



" Of those whose branches begin from 

 the ground, some rise in a conical figure, 

 as the larch, the cedar of Lebanon, and 

 the holly. Some swell out in the mid- 

 dle of their growth, and diminish at both 

 ends, as the Weymouth pine, the moun- 

 tain ash, and the lilac; and some are 

 irregular and bushy from the top to the 

 bottom, as the evergreen oak, the Vir- 



loosely, leaving plenty of space for 

 growth. Place it round the tree, and 



wire or thick tarred string through one j ginian cedar, and Guelder rose. There 

 stake, by the holes, at the top and at | is a great difference between one whose 

 the bottom, then pass it through the ! base is very large, and another whose 

 hole made in one of the two inch pieces \ base is very small, in proportion to its 

 at each end, and then through another j height; the cedar of Lebanon and the 

 stake, separating each stake at top and , cypress, are instances of such a differ- 

 bottom by a piece of wood, until you [ ence, yet in both the branches begin 

 leave enough to surround the tree | from the ground. 



" The heads of those which shoot up 

 into a stem, before their branches be- 

 ftsten the ends of the wire or string. ] gin, sometimes are slender cones, as of 

 This guard is much the same as a cradle i many firs, sometimes are broad cones, 

 put round the neck of a blistered horse, i as of the horse-chestnut, sometimes they 

 to prevent his gnawing the irritated j are round, as of the stone pine, and 

 part. The stakes merely rest on the 1 most sorts of fruit trees; and sometimes 

 ground, and should be cut quite flat at ' irregular, as of the elm. Of this last 

 the bottom, to prevent their sticking ^kind there are many considerable va- 

 into the ground. At the upper end they ' rieties. 



should have a sharp slanting cut with a "The branches of some grow hori- 

 bill-hook, and threaded with the slope zontally, as of the oak. In others they 

 towards the tree. The motion of the tend upwards, as in the almond, and in 

 tree will not in any degree be impeded ; ! several sorts of broom, and of willows, 

 and the bark cannot be injured, let the , In others they fall, as in the lime and 



