WAT 



627 



WAT 



the refuse ehouKl he thrown out upon so formed as to give the water thrnun 

 the borders which separate the trenches from them the nearest resemblance to 

 from each other. These borders may a gentle shower of rain, which renders 



be planted with artichokes, cabbages, 

 or cauliflowers, which will here attain 

 a great size. Cress-grounds should al- 

 ways be at a distance from trees, on 

 account of the leaves, which otherwise 

 drive amongst the plants, and require 

 much time to pick out. There are 

 two weeds which, even in the cleanest 

 cress-grounds, can scarcely be kept 

 under; these are the Duckweed and 

 Zannichellia palustris, which both mul- 

 tiply so quickly, that unless carefully 

 rooted out, they do great injury to the 

 cresses. The Zannichellia may be 

 kept under by careful hand-weeding, 

 and the Duckweed by raising the wa- 

 ter, so as to make it float above the 

 cress plants, when it may be skimmed 

 off. 



Planting in Borders. — This must be 

 done in September and in a moist shady 

 border. Plant slips, and the only cul- 

 tivation necessary is to dig the earth 

 fine, to draw a slight trench with a hoe, 

 to fill this with water until it becomes 

 a mud, to cover it about an inch deep 

 with drift sand, and then to stick in the 

 slips about six inches apart, watering 

 them until established. The sand keeps 

 the plants clean. They will be ready 

 for gathering from in a very few weeks, 

 and the shoots should be invariably cut 

 and not picked. They are not so mild 

 flavoured as those grown in water, but 

 then they are free from aquatic insects, 

 &c. 



WATERFALL. See Cascade. 



WATER GERMANDER. Teucrium 

 Scordium. 



WATERING ENGINE. See En- 

 gine. 



WATERING POTS. These should 

 have roses pierced with very fine holes ; 

 the diameter of those usually used is 

 too large. Long-spouted watering pots 

 are required for watering plants in pots 

 upon shelves. French watering pots 

 have zigzag bends in the spout to break 

 from the plant the force of the water. 

 Shelf watering pots are small and flat- 

 bodied for giving water to plants over- 

 head, and near the glass in green-houses ' 

 or stoves. ' 



" The accompanying engraving is of 

 a watering pot from Mr. G. Thompson, 

 390 Oxford Street, who states that its 

 superiority consists in the roses being 



it peculiarly suitable for watering seed- 

 lings or other tender plants. As the 

 brass joints which connect the roses to 

 the spout are made water-tight, there 

 is no danger of its returning outside, to 



Fig. 176. 



the annoyance of the person using it: 

 a is the spout to which the roses are 

 screwed ; b, the box to contain either 

 spout out of use; c and d, the holes in 

 which the joints are placed ; e, a largo 

 rose for watering flower beds; /, a 

 smaller rose for watering plants in 

 pots." — Gard. Chron. 



Another watering pot is the follow- 

 ing, and suggested by Mr. Williamson. 



"No. 1 represents the original, 

 which differs from a common watering 

 pot in having its tube inserted in a 

 horizontal position, with a brass valve 

 near the point, through which passes a 

 brass wire or rod, held in its proper 

 position by two strong transverse pieces 

 of wire, perforated in the centre, and 



Fig. 177. 



connected with a crank or lever, be- 

 tween the lower part of which and 

 the side of the pot is a steel spring, 

 which propels the piston and shuts the 

 valve. From the top of the Jever is 



