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It has both a extramural funded component going to universities 

 and industry, sponsored by the Office of Naval Research, and an 

 intramural activity, the Naval Research Lab located here in the 

 District of Columbia and also in several other locations, Monterey, 

 California, Stennis, Mississippi, and Orlando, Florida. 



I am talking about what you would view as basic research and 

 exploratory development efforts that go on within the Navy which 

 is under the purview of the Chief of Naval Research. It includes a 

 broad spectrum of environmental parameters, both in the ocean 

 and in the atmosphere, not just oceanographic research internal to 

 the ocean. 



As we talk about dual use and cooperation, I was noting as I 

 came in and saw the gentlemen sitting down, my colleagues here, 

 that among us, we have decades of interaction and collaboration in 

 different capacities. 



Myself, I have been in private industry, universities, as well as 

 with the Federal Government. The same is true for other people 

 here. So we have a lot of interactions that occur all the time be- 

 cause we know each other and we talk to each other. I think that 

 is very important in terms of a mechanism of getting information 

 exchanged and developing programs. 



Right now I think the Navy oceanographic community, as well as 

 the rest of the community, is involved in a fairly grand challenge; 

 and that is: Can we observe and understand and predict the ocean 

 and atmosphere behavior at time and space scales, at least for the 

 Navy that is important to the mission that the Navy is doing. 



Everything that the Chief of Naval Research is doing, as a mis- 

 sion agency in direct support of Navy operations and missions and 

 for the safety of the platform and the people involved. 



Sometimes we have a dichotomy when you go from a technology 

 that was developed for a very specific purpose to something that is 

 now going to be used by someone else. Usually that requires, just 

 like in private industry an investment by the recipient. If you 

 think about it, someone develops a technology and then industry 

 wants it; therefore, some company comes forward and applies for a 

 patent license, invests some R&D money to get it useful for their 

 product, and goes out and uses it for their own purposes. 



I think the same thing is true for most DOD technology. It is de- 

 veloped for a particular purpose. And, therefore, it needs to be 

 thought about in terms of how do you convert the technology — and 

 it usually does take investment of R&D resources to convert it — to 

 use it for something else? It is just not a turnkey operation where 

 you can sit down, turn it on and go use it. It takes some effort to 

 get going on it. 



You have heard a lot about the Integrated Undersea Surveil- 

 lance System, lUSS and the SOSUS arrays that are a part of that. 

 NRL scientists were players in that. There is a facility sitting 

 across the bay here in DC that was put together with Navy spon- 

 sorship through the CNR'S facilities to allow the outside communi- 

 ty to come in and use these facilities. 



There was a recent press conference on this where Dr. Chris 

 Clark from Cornell University, who is working with these facilities 

 stated; and I agree with him, and the people that were there that it 

 is going to revolutionize marine mammal research. They detected 



