59 



HOUSE COMMITTEE ON MERCHANT MARINE AND FISHERIES 



SUBCOMMITTEE ON OCEANOGRAPHY, 



GULF OF MEXICO AND THE OUTER CONTINENTAL SHELF 



HEARING ON: DUAL USE OF DEFENSE TECHNOLOGY 



AUGUST 4, 1993 



QUESTIONS FOR THE RECORD TO MR. ROBERT W. WINOKUR 



Question 5: Using the lUSS system can you actually differentiate fishing 



vessels using driftnets and those using legal methods? 



-- Are there other marine species that the lUSS can be used to detect? 



- Can the system be used to detect foreign vessels fishing illegally in U.S. 



waters? 



Answer: We do not believe that the use of lUSS alone can reliably differentiate 



between fishing vessels using dirftnets and those using legal methods. The use 



of lUSS to detect vessels using driftnets based upon the patterns that are 



unique to driftnetting has been demonstrated in a brief experiment. Searching 



and differentiating between the fishing vessel patterns is like searching and 



differentiating between needles in a hay stack. Detecting driftnets is 



accomplished more easily when there is some advance knowledge in which 



sector a vessel using illegal methods may be operating. 



lUSS should be capable of detecting other marine species which emit 

 sounds within the low frequency range of the system. The capabilities of lUSS 

 are limited due to the physical location of the arrays. 



The lUSS was designed to detect submarines outside of U.S. waters and 

 no design consideration was given to using the lUSS for detecting vessels 

 within the U.S. Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ). We do not know if detecting 

 fishing vessels or discriminating between U.S. and foreign fishing vessels is 

 possible. However, we believe the detection of vessels fishing illegally in U.S. 

 waters may be possible, particularly by using the lUSS in conjunction with other 

 targeting systems. Additional research and development is required. 



UNCLASSIFIED 



