104 



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1. Receive any sounds at all from the concerned area; 



2. Distinguish sounds of a fishing vessel from those of 

 other vessels; 



3. Distinguish sounds of a domestic vessel from those of a 

 foreign vessel; and 



4. Provide locations accurate enough to warrant deploying 

 other resources (planes or ships) . 



If the tests were successful, it may be possible to use the 

 lUSS system in conjunction with other classified and unclassified 

 targeting systems to provide information on which to make 

 decisions for deploying resources to verify and document any 

 illegal activity. 



Question 5.1: Among the technologies that you talked about, are 

 there ones which would be applicable for remotely assessing 

 fisheries? 



Answer: NOAA/NMFS scientists are proposing to explore the 

 potential for using lUSS in a passive "listening" mode and in 

 combination with active hydroacoustic methods (e.g., sonar) to 

 assess fish stocks. See also the response to Question 4.2. 



Question 5.2: Could any of them be used for marine mammals and 

 endangered species other than whales? 



Answer: Yes, in addition to lUSS, NOAA/NMFS believes that some 

 satellite programs could be used to assess populations of seals 

 and sea lions that haul-out along coastal regions. See also the 

 response to Question 4.2. 



Question 6: During an earlier hearing on the National Undersea 

 Research Program (NURP) , there was discussion of the use of Naval 

 submersibles by the program. The general consensus was that the 

 Naval subs represent a valuable asset, but the way they are 

 operated and the constraints on availability make the systems 

 difficult to count on. What can be done to make these systems 

 more 'scientist friendly' and more reliable? 



Answer: Prior to December 1991 the civilian use of Navy deep 

 submersibles generally was arranged by individual investigators. 

 Access and scheduling was a significant challenge. 



In 1992 the DSV SEA CLIFF Hawaiian science cruise was the pilot 

 program under a formal Memorandum of Agreement (MOA) between 

 NOAA-NURP and the Navy, through which the Navy's deep submergence 

 research vehicles will be made available to the U.S. civilian 

 science community. The program was from mid-September to 



