APPENDIX. 475 



ObJaie, flattened, so that the shortest diameter is between the base and 

 apex, like a flat turnip. 



Ohovaie, reversed ovate, being largest from the foot-stalk or towards the 

 apex. 



Obtuse, rounded or blunt. 



Ovate, egg-shaped, being the largest towards the foot-stalk. 



Pedicel, the subdivision of a flower or fruit-stalk. 



Peduncle, the flower or fruit-stalk. 



Petals, flower-leaves, usually colored. 



Petiole, leaf-stalk. 



Pomohgy, the science of fruits. 



Pyramidal, like a pyramid, usually nearly similar to conical, but longer. 



Pyriform, pear-shaped, having more or less a drawn-out neck. 



Ringing, the removal of a ring of bark round a branch, to impede the 

 descending sap. 



Serrate, notched or cut like saw-teeth. 



Shanking, a diseased shrivelling of the foot-stalks of grapes. 



Shorten-in. to cut ofl:' more or less of the outer parts of shoots. 



Spongiole, the minute spongy extremity of a fibrous root. 



Sport, an unusual departure or variation in a new seedling. • 



Spur, a short stubby shoot bearmg fruit or fruit-buds. 



Standard, a fiuit tree in open ground, or not trained to a wall or trellis. 



Slock, seedling tree, which supports the inserted bud or graft. 



Stop, to pinch or cut ofif the point of a shoot, to prevent its further ex- 

 tension in growth. 



Strike, to emit roots. 



Tap-roof, the main or central descending root. 



Trellis, an upright, flat frame, for training fruit trees and grapes upon its 

 face. 



Wilding, a natural seedling; 



