SCIENCE OF GARDENING. 



Part II. 



BOOK III. 



MECHANICAL AGENTS EMPLOYED IN GARDENING. 



129:3. Having considered the nature of vegetables, and the nature of the materials by 

 which their culture or improvement is effected by art, the next step is to consider the 

 means by which art is applied in the practice of cultivation. In general it may be ob- 

 served, that every change effected in the circumstances of materials, either consists in, 

 or must be preceded by, a mechanical change in their position. To effect mechanical 

 changes, the fundamental engine is the human frame ; but its agency is essentially in- 

 creased by the use of certain implements, utensils, machines, and buildings. The 

 primary implements of gardening, as an art of culture, would necessarily be confined to 

 a few tools for stirring the ground, and one or two instruments for pruning trees or 

 gathering crops. But in the present state of the art, both the number and kind of agents 

 are greatly extended and diversified. There are tools, instruments, and machines for 

 culture, as the spade, knife, and water-engine ; for beautifying scenery, as the broom, 

 scythe, and roller ; utensils for portable habitations of plants, or conveying materials, as 

 pots and baskets ; structures for culture, as glass frames, hot-houses, and awnings ; and 

 buildings for use, convenience, or decoration, as tool-houses, arbors, and obelisks. The 

 whole may be included under implements, structures, and edifices, as in the following 

 Table : — 



fTools 



Implements 



f Lever. 



Pick. 

 I Spade. 

 <! Shovel. 



Fork. 

 I Dibber. 

 LPlanter's hack. 



Planter's trowel. 



Planter's pick-axe. 



Garden-trowel. 



Transplanter. 



Hoe. 



Rake. 



Turf-raser. 



Turf- beetle. 



Turf-scraper. 



Weeder. 



Besom. 



Implement-cleaner. 



|"Of operation 



I Of direction 



rGarden-knife. 

 I Garden-chisel. 

 \ Pruning-bill. 

 j Forest-axe. 

 LPruning-saw. 



Averruncator. 



Shears. 



Scythe. 



Scarifiers. 



Barking-irons. 



Hammer. 

 Pincers. 

 Fruit-gatherers. 

 Climbing-spurs. 





C Garden-line. 



< Ground-measure. 



£ Timber-measure. 



Ground-compasses. 



Boming-piece. 



Level. 



Staff. 



Straight-edge. 



Stake. 



f Notch numbering-stick. Name-stick. 



|.Of designation | Written number-stick 



fOf preparation f Screens, 

 'l and deportation {_ Sieves. 



Mould-scuttle. 

 Pot-carrier. 



Basket. 

 Packing-case. 



fPots. 



1 Water-saucers. 



Plant-box. 

 Plant-tub. 



Watering-pot. 

 Syringe. 



Of protection or f £? v *?' 

 modification t Shade - 



^For vermin 



Blancher. 

 Hand-glass. 



Bell-glass. 



Bird trap-cage. 



Beetle- trap. 



Wasp and fly trap. 



Machines 



-I 



Of labor 



. Barrow. 

 Watering engine. 

 ' Roller. 



Ladder. 

 Platform. 



Tree- transplanter. 

 Seed-separater. 



For vermin 

 i 

 I For regulation 



Engines of destruction . Engines of alarm or snares Living vermin-killers ■ 

 Registering thermometer Alarum thermometer. Regulating thermometer. 



Of adaptation 



\ Temporary' coping. 

 j Horizontal shelter. 

 t Netting screen. 



Garden-hurdle. 

 Moveable edging. 



Protecting bag. 

 Shoe-scraper. 



Of manufacture (Canvass. 

 I Gauze. 



Netting. 

 Wall-tree nails. 



Wall-tree lists. 



Of preparation {^ops- 



Covering materials. 

 Planks. 



Various articles. 



[Portable or moveable 



I Partly moveable • 



(Fixed 



I Permanent - 



f Economical 



(The flower-stage. 



t Opaque covering-frame. 



Glazed frame or sash. 

 Glass case. 



Hotbed-frame. 



Adapted frame; 



Espalier rail. 



Hot-house. 



Mushroom-house. 



Anomalous 



f Head gardener's dwelling- Seed-room. 

 3 house. Fruit-room. 

 ] Official or administrative Under-gardener's lodge. 

 ( apa rtment. . 



Ice-house. 



Entrance-lodge and gate. 

 Building for raising water 

 Reservoir. 



Apiary. 



"Usefttr- 



f Cottage. 

 - (.Bridge. 



Boat. 



Sepulchre. 



Gate. 

 Fence. 



Decorative - j Convenient 



rProspect-tower. 

 I Temple, 

 j Porch. 

 " •} Portico. 

 | Arbor. 

 LCave. 



Cavern. 

 Grotto. 

 Roofed seat. 

 Exposed seat. 

 Swing. 



Waterfall. 

 Cascade. 

 Jet or spout. 

 Sun-dial. 

 Vane. 



Characteristic 



C Rocks. 

 < Ruins. 

 t Antiquities. 



Rarities. 



Monuments. 

 Statues. 



Vegetable sculptures. 

 Inscriptions. 

 Eye- traps. 



