Book II. 



CHRYSANTHEMUM. 



863 



fulsens which wag exhibited to the Society on the 19th of last month, by Hedges, had been managed as 

 above directed • but as no notes of its size and height were made at the time, the following dimensions 

 have been taken from another plant in the garden at Kenwood. The base of the stem was near six inches 

 in circumference ; the height of the centre spike was rive feet and a half ; the shoots from the bottom and 

 sides of the main stem were in number seventeen, rising together round the principal stem, to the height 

 of about four feet and a half. Hedges states, that the plants were in the two preceding years, much taller 

 than that now described. Some lew plants were observed to be rather shorter, and to have a more bushy 

 appearance : this is produced bv stopping the centre stem, after the last shifting, by which the side shoots 

 become more vigorous and fufler or flower, and in this state they form handsome companions to the 

 flowering plants°of campanula pyramidalis, whose beautiful spikes of blue flowers agreeably contrast with 

 the brilliant scarlet of the lobelia." (Hort. Trans, ii. 400.) 



6465. The splendid cardinal flower (L. splendens, W. en.) (Bot. Reg. 60. and 

 fig. 614. b), a native of Mexico, and introduced in 1814, may be treated like L.fulgens; 

 and the blue cardinal flower (L. siphilitica) (Jac. Ic. iii. t. 597.), a native of Virginia, 

 and introduced in 1665, may be treated like L. cardinalis. 



Subsect. 21. Pyramidal 'Bel/flower. — Camjximda pyramidalis, L. (Park. Parad. 354. ) 

 Pent. Monog. L. and Campanulacece, B. P. Campanelle Pyramidale, Fr. ; Pyrami- 

 denglocken, Ger. ; and Campanule, Ital. 



6466. The pyramidal bellflowcr, in its cultivated state, has thick ramose roots, which are 

 milky ; oblong leaves ; and strong stalks, four feet high, from the sides of which the 

 flowers are produced for more than half their length, forming a sort of pyramid. The 

 most common color is blue, but there is a variety with white flowers. It is a native of 

 Istria and Savoy, and was cultivated by Gerrard in 1596. Formerly it was in demand 

 as an ornament'to halls, and for placing before chimneys in summer, being planted in 

 large pots, and trained in the fan manner, so as to cover a large surface. In the shade 

 it continues in flower for two months or more. 



6167. Propagation and culture. By seed, cuttings from the stem, or by dividing the roots ; the last 

 method makes^ the strongest plants in the shortest time. The season for this operation is after the bloom 

 has faded in September ; the sections are to be planted in pots, and protected by a frame during winter. 

 In spring they may be transplanted into large pots, and in the beginning of summer into still larger 

 ones, in which they are to flower the summer following. 



6468. By seeds. The plants so raised, Miller says, are always stronger, and the stalks rise higher, and 

 produce a greater number of flowers. Good seeds" are to be obtained by placing a strong-flowering plant 

 in a warm situation against a wall or under a glass case. They are to be sown in pots of light earth soon 

 after being gathered, protected by a frame during winter, and will come up in spring. When the leaves 

 decay in October, they are to be transplanted to beds of light sandy earth, without any mixture of dung, 

 which is a great enemy to this plant. Here they are to remain two years, being protected in winter by 

 rotten tan ; they are then to be removed to their final destination in September or October, and the year 

 following, being the third from sowing, they will flower. The plants, Miller observes, of this species, as 

 of many ethers which have been long propagated by roots, offsets, or cuttings, do not so readily bear seed 

 as those which have been raised from seed. 



6469. The C. Carpatica, grandiflora, and several other very showy species, may be similarly treated. 



Subsect. 22. Chrysanthemum. — Chrysanthemum Indicum, L. ; Anthemis Artemisue- 

 folia, W. Syng. Polyg. Super. L. and Corymbiferce, J. Chrysanteme, Fr. ; Gold- 

 blume, Ger. ; and Crisantero, Ital. 



6470. The. Chinese chrysanthemum is a fibrous-rooted half-hardy perennial, with pin- 

 nate, gashed, serrated leaves, leafy stems, from three to four feet high, and flowers 

 generally on solitary peduncles. It is a native 

 of China, where it is highly prized and exten- 

 sively cultivated as an ornamental plant, and 

 was introduced in 1764. Here it contributes 

 greatly to the beauty of the flower-garden in a 

 fine autumn, and of our conservatories in 

 November and December, when scarcely any 

 other plants are in flower. 



6471. Varieties. The Chinese are supposed from good 

 authority to have fifty varieties or upwards : there are 

 twenty-three sorts described by Sabine, as having flow- 

 ered in this country, and there are a number more, 

 of recent introduction, which have not yet flowered. 

 Through the exertions of the Horticultural Society, 

 and some nurservmen, and private individuals, it is ex- 

 pected all the Chinese sorts will soon be imported. Sa- 

 bine describes as having flowered in the garden of the 

 Horticultural Society, and as to be procured in the nur- 

 series, the following : — 



The purple 

 eable ' 



Changeable whits 

 Quilled white 

 Superb white 

 Tasselled white 

 Quilled yellow 

 Sulphur yellow 

 Golden yellow 

 Large lilac 

 Rose or pink 

 Buff or orange 

 Spanish brown 



(Sabine, in Hart. Tram. vol. iv. p. 334. & vol. v. p. 149.) 



euilled flamed yellow 

 uilled pink-flowered 

 Early crimson (fig. 615. a) 

 Large quilled orange (b) 

 Expanded light purple 

 Quilled light p.irple 

 Curled lilac 



Superb clustered yellow 

 Semi-double quilled pink 

 Semi-double quilled white 

 Small yellow single. 



