Book IV. 



UNION OF CONSTITUENT SCENES. 



1021 



structions for creating the beautiful picturesque among dug groups, and preserving all 

 the polish and appearance of high keeping with the most delicate culture of the plants. 

 (See 6187.) 



7264. The pleasure-ground is a term applied generally to the kept ground and walks 

 of a residence. Sometimes the walk merely passes, in a winding direction, through 

 glades and groups of common scenery, kept polished by the scythe, and from whence 

 cattle, &c. are excluded. At other times it includes a part of, or all the scenes above 

 mentioned ; and may include several others, as verdant amphitheatres, labyrinths, 

 (Jig. 719.) a Linnaean, Jussieuean, American, French, 

 or Dutch flower-garden, a garden of native, rock, 

 mountain, or aquatic plants, picturesque flower-gar- 

 den, or a Chinese garden, exhibiting only plants in 

 flower, inserted in the ground, and removed to make 

 room for others when the blossom begins to fade, &c. 



7265. The park is a space devoted to the growth 

 of timber, pasturage for deer, cattle, and sheep, and 

 for adding grandeur and dignity to the mansion. On 

 its extent and beauty, and on the magnitude and 

 architectural design of the house, chiefly depend the 

 reputation and character of the residence. In the 

 geometric style, the more distant or concealed parts 

 were subdivided into fields, surrounded by broad 

 stripes or double rows, enclosed in walls or hedges, 

 and the nearer parts were chiefly covered with wood, 

 enclosing regular surfaces of pasturage. In the mo- 

 dern style, the scenery of a park is intended to resem- 

 ble that of a scattered forest, the more polished glades 

 and regular shapes of lawn being near the house, 

 and the rougher parts towards the extremities. The 

 paddocks or small enclosures are generally placed 

 between the family stables and the farm, and form a 

 sort of intermediate character. 



7266. The farm, or that portion of agricultural surface, retained in the hands of the 

 owner for private cultivation, was, in both styles, placed without, but adjoining the park ; 

 and when circumstances admitted, near to the paddocks. In some cases, on a moderate 

 scale, part of the park constitutes the whole, or a part of the farm, and is kept in aration. 

 The trees in this cultivated space are arranged in natural-like masses, so as to give the 

 idea of part of a forest-scene subjected to the plough. When the park is extensive and 

 truly forest-like, the effect of the whole is much improved by the contrast, and recalls to 

 mind those charming scenes in the woody districts of Germany, where cultivation smiles 

 in the glades and recesses of eternal forests. 



7267. The riding, or drive, is a road indicated rather than formed, which passes through 

 the most interesting and distant parts of a residence not seen in detail from the walks, 

 and as far into the adjoining lands of wildness or cultivation, as the property of the 

 owner extends. It is also frequently conducted as much farther as the disposition of 

 adjoining proprietors permits, or the general face of the country renders desirable. 



7268. Original arraygement. Though the above arrangement of the component parts 

 of a residence will be found, in general, the most convenient on a flat surface, or one 

 gently varied, we are far from recommending its universal adoption. Situations are 

 always fertile in suggesting new ideas, which 



" Start even from difficulties, strike from chance ;" 

 and a mind already stored with a knowledge of every part of the subject, works from 

 principles, and fortuitous suggestions, rather than models. We would rather see an 

 original idea attempted than the most beautiful arrangement imitated. 



Chap. IV. 



Of the Union of the constituent Scenes in forming Gardens or Residences of particular 

 Characters; and of laying out Public Gardens. 

 7269. To complete a country-residence is the end of all landscape-gardening, whether 

 imitative or geometric. In the preceding chapter we have given a general idea of the 

 parts or scenes, and their connection, which enter into a complete residence of the first 

 order. We have now to notice their arrangements in different gradations of residences 



