Book 1. 



BRITISH WORKS ON GARDENING. 



1099 



Subsect. 1. British Works on Gardening. 



1502. Arnohlc, Richard, an ancient English chro- 

 nicler, and haberdasher, in St. Magnus's parish, 

 London ; flourished in the end of the fifteenth and 

 beginning of the sixteenth century; died about 

 1521. 



The Customs of London, from the time of Richard I., 

 &c. commonly entitled Arnold's Chronicle, and first printed 

 at Antwerp in 1502, fol. ; reprinted along with a series of 

 English chronicles. London, 4to. 1811. It is divided into 

 chapters, and contains the following articles: — 



The act for trees above 20 yeres growing to pay no tyths. 

 The crafte of grafFynge and plantynge and alterynge of fruyts, 

 as well in colours as in taste. A rreatyse of the four ele- 

 mentvs and four seasons, &c. and of the canyculare dayes. 

 The iburme and mesur to mete land by. Percely (probably 

 •ress) to grow in an hour space, &c. 



1527. Anon. 



The Grete Herbal, which gyveth parfyt knowledge and 

 ■nderstandyng of the boke lately printed by me Peter Tre- 

 veris. 



Peter Treveris was the first printer in Southwark ; the 

 book to which he alludes was "the Grete Herbal, 1516," and 

 the first or second production which issued from his press. 

 1557. Tusser, Thomas, gent., born near Witham, 

 in Essex, 1515, received a liberal education at Eton 

 school, and at Trinity-hall, Cambridge ; lived many 

 years as a farmer in Suffolk, and afterwards removed 

 to London, where he published his first work in 

 1557, and died in 1580. 



1. Five Hundred Points of Good Husbandry, as well for 

 the Champagne and Open Country as for the Woodland. 

 Lond. 1557- 4 to. 



2. Another edition, entitled, Fiue Hundred Points of 

 Good Husbandry, vnited to many of Good Huswifere ; first 

 deuised and now lately augmented, with diuers approved 

 Lessons concerning Hopps and Gardening, &c. Lond. 1573. 

 4to. 



1571. Mountain, Didymus. 



1. The Gardener's Labyrinth ; containing a Discourse of 

 the Gardener's Life, in the yearly trauels to be bestowed on 

 his plot of earth, for the vse of a Garden ; with Instructions 

 for the choise of Seedes, apt times for Sowing, Setting, and 

 Planting, and Watering; and the Vessels and Instrumentes 

 seruing to that vse and purpose; wherein are set forth, diuers 

 Herbes, Knottes, and Mazes, cunningly handled for the 

 beautifying of Gardens ; also the Physike of eche Herbe, &c. 

 Gathered out of the best approued Writers of Gardening, 

 Husbandrie, and Physicke, &c. Lond. 1571. 4to. 



2. The Second Part of the Gardener's Labyrinth ; vttering 

 suche skillful experiences and worthy Secretes, about the 

 particular sowing and remouing of the moste Kitchen Hearbes ; 

 with the wittie ordering of other daintie Hearbes, delectable 

 Floures, pleasant Fruites, and fine Rootes, as the like hath 

 not heretofore bin vttered of any ; beside the Physicke bene- 

 fices of each Hearbe annexed, with the commoditie of Waters 

 distilled out of them, right necessarie to be knowen. Lond. 

 1577- 4to. 



1574. Hill, Hyll, or Hyle, Thomas, a London au- 

 thor of various works on Dreams, Physiognomy, 

 Mysteries, an Almanac, Astronomy, Arithmetic, 

 &c. ; died in the beginning of the seventeenth cen- 

 tury. 



The Profitable Arte of Gardening ; to which is added 

 much necessarie matter, and a number of secrets, with the 

 Physicke helps belonging to eache hearbe, and that easily pre- 

 pared. To this is annexed two proper Treatises, the one 

 entituled the Marvailous Government, Propertie, and Bene- 

 fite of Bees, with the rare Secretes of the Honnieand Waxe. 

 And the other, the Yerely Conjectures mete for Husbandmen. 

 To these is likewise added a Treatise of the Arte of Graft- 

 ing and Planting of Trees. Gathered by Thomas Hyll, citi- 

 zen of London. Lond. 1574. 4to. 



1591. Piatt, Sir Hugh, author of various philo- 

 sophical works, and apparently a lawyer. " Sir 

 Hugh Piatt (says Weston) spent part of his time 

 at Copt-hall in Essex, and at Bishop's-hall in Mid- 

 dlesex, at each of which places he had a country- 

 seat; but his town-residence was Lincoln's Inn." 

 In the Jewel House of AH and Nature, he is named 

 Hugh Platte or Piatt, (for it is spelt both ways,) of 

 Lincolnes Inne, gentleman. By the same book it 

 appears that he then (1594) lived at Bishop's-hall, 

 and that he had an estate near St. Alban's. 



He does not inform us what profession he was of, 

 only that it was alien from the studies of husbandry 

 and gardening. He must have had a numerous 

 family, for six of his children died of the worms. 



It appears from his Garden of Eden (p. 96.), that 

 he was living in the year 1606 ; and that he had a 

 garden in St. Martin 's-lane. 



1. The Jewel House of Art and Nature, contening divers 

 rare and profitable Inventions, together with sundry new Ex- 

 periments in the Art of Husbandry, Distillation, and mould- 

 ing. Faithfully and familiarly set downe, according to the 

 Author's own experience, by Hugh Platte, of Lincolnes Inne, 

 gentleman. Lond. 1594. 4to. 



2. The Garden of Eden, or an accurate Description of all 

 Flowers and Fruits now growing in England, with particu- 

 lar Rules how to advance their Nature and Growth, as well 

 in Seeds and Hearbes, as the secret ordering of Trees and 

 Plants. Bv that learned and great observer, Sir Hugh Piatt, 

 knight. The fifth edition. Lond. 1660. small 8vo 



3. The Second Part of the Garden of Eden, &c. Never 

 before printed. Lond. 1660. 



1597. Gerarde, John, a surgeon and famous her- 

 balist, was born in Cheshire, 1545 ; died about 1607. 

 He lived in Holborn, where he had a large botanic 

 garden, one of the first attempts of the kind in 

 England. 



The Herbal, or General History of Plants, gathered by John 

 Gerarde, Master in Chirurgerie ; with cuts. Lond. 1597. fol. 



1597. Lawson, William, a practical author, who 

 wrote, besides his Orchard, Tractatus de Agricultura 

 1656. 4to. He professes to write wholly from expe- 

 rience, and not to delight in curious conceits as 

 planting and grafting with the roots upwards, 

 inoculating roses on thorns, and such like. 



A New Orchard and Garden ; or the best way for Plant- 

 ing, Grafting, and to make any Ground good for a rich 

 Orchard : particularlv in the North, and generally for the 

 whole Commonwealth ; with the Country Hous-wife's Gar- 

 den for Herbs of common Use ; their Virtues, Seasons, Pro- 

 fits, Ornaments ; variety of Knots, Models for Trees, and 

 Plots, for the best ordering of Grounds and Walks. As also 

 the Husbandry of Bees, with their several Uses and Annoy- 

 ances : all being the experience of forty and eight years' labor, 

 and now the third time corrected, and much enlarged 

 Whereunto is newly added, the Art of Propagating Plants, 

 with the true ordering of all manner of Fiuits, in their 

 Gathering, carrying Home, and Preservation. London. 4to. 

 Followed by a most profitable new Treatise, from approved 

 experience, of the Art of Propagating Plants. By Simon 

 Harward. 



1604. Anon. 



The Fruiterer's Secrets, 4to. black letter. It contains 

 some curious directions for preserving fruits and other garden- 

 productions. 



1612. C R . 



An Old Thrift newly revived, by R. C. of Planting and 

 Preserving of Timber and Fewel, by R. C. 1612. 4to. in four 

 parts. 



1613. Standish, Arthur. 



New Directions of Experience, authorised by the King's 

 most excellent Majesty, as may appear, for the Planting of 

 Timber, and Fire-wood, &c, and how as great store of fire- 

 wood may be raised from hedges as may plentifully maine- 

 taine the kingdome for all purposes, without losse of grounde; 

 so as within thirty yeares all spring woods may be converted 

 to tillage and pasture. Lond. 1613. 4to. 



1620. Bacon, Francis, Viscount of St. Albans, a 

 most distinguished philosopher, and high-chan- 

 cellor of England in the reign of James I., was 

 born in London 1560, and died 1626. 



Essay on Gardens, &c. in Instauratia Magna, sive Novum 

 Organum, &c, of which there are numerous editions both in 

 Latin and English : one by Shaw, with notes. Lond. 3 vols. 

 4to. 1725. 



1622. Bonfeil, John. 



Instructions how to plant and dress vines, and to make 

 wine, and how to dry raisins, figs, and other fruits, and also 

 olives, oranges, lemons, pomegranates, almcnds, and many 

 other fruits. Printed with his Treatise on the Art of making 

 Silk, page 36— 8S. Lond. 4to. 



1623. Markham, Gervase, Jarvise, or Gervas, an 

 English author who wrote on a great variety of 

 subjects during the reigns of James I. and Charles I., 

 and died about 1685. He appears, says Harte 

 {Essays, ii. 32.), to be the first Englishman who de- 

 serves to be called a hackney writer. All subjects 

 seem to have been alike easy to him. His thefts 

 were innumerable, but he has now and then stolen 

 some very good things, and preserved their memory 

 from perishing. 



The Country Housewife's Garden, by Gervase Markham. 



1629. Johnston, Thomas, M.D., a learned botanist, 

 a native of Yorkshire, bred an apothecary, and es- 

 tablished in that profession in London ; he made 

 various botanical tours, and published the first local 

 Flora, which appeared in England ; died 1643. 



The Herbal ; or General History of Plants, gathered by 

 John Gerarde, enlarged and amended. Lond. 1629. fol. 



1629. Parkinson, John, a celebrated herbalist and 

 botanist; born in 1567, bred an apothecary, and 

 acted in that capacity and as herbalist and botanist 

 to James I. and Charles I. ; died about 1640. Pro- 

 fessor Martyn says his Paradisus is the first garden- 

 ing book worth mentioning, and that considering 

 what had been done before it, it has the greatest 

 merit. 



1. Paradisi in Sole Paradisus Terrestris ; or, a Garden of all 

 sort of pleasant flowers which our English ayre will admitt 

 to be noursed up : with a Kitchen Garden of all manner of 

 herbes, rootes, and fruites, for meate or sause used with us ; 

 and an Orchard of all sorte of fruitbearing trees and shrubbes 

 fit for our Land, together with the right orderinge, planting, 

 and preserving of them, and their Uses, and vertues. Col- 

 lected by John Parkinson, apothecary of London, 1629. fol. 

 There is an engraved titlepage by Switzer, representing the 

 Garden of Eden; with 109 wooden cuts of flowers and fruits, 

 and a portrait of the Author. Dedicated to the Queen. 



2. Theatrum Botanicum ; or, an Herbal of great extent. 

 Lond. 1640. 2 vols. fol. 1746 pages, with many wood cuts. 



1631. Austen, Francis. 



Observations on Sir Francis Bacon s Natural History, so far 

 as it concerns fruit-trees. 4to. 



