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HARVEST 



UPSTREAM MIGRATION 



The Team recommends ihai har\'esi managcmeni should be 

 changed lo reduce both harvest rates and capacity for all the 

 listed stocks. This should be accomplished by decreases in 

 quotas and/or Tishing times and places, accompanied by a 

 buy-back program to reduce fishing capacity in ocean troll, 

 chartcrboat, and inriver gillnct fishcncs. By the year 2002. 

 the only harvest that should be allowed in any Columbia 

 River fishery should be selective harvest with live release 

 capability, and fishing for hatchery stocks in terminal areas 

 should be encouraged. 



The Team also recommends that both ocean and in-river 

 fisheries management focus on rebuilding the listed stocks. 

 Both the United States and Canada need lo give higher 

 pnority to threatened and endangered stocks and adopt a 

 coordinated harvest program under the Pacific Salmon 

 Treaty. Fisheries in the Columbia River need to limit 

 harvest of weak stocks and conserve the Snake River 

 salmon. 



For fall Chinook, the Team recommends that the total 

 harvest (ocean and in-river) should be limited to no more 

 than 50% (though initially, the rate should be lower). All 

 other fisheries that result in incidental take of fall Chinook 

 should be limited, and all management decisions and 

 policies should increase annual escapement until 1,000 

 "wild" (non-hatchery) fall Chinook return to Lower Granite 

 Dam annually. 



The Team believes Iha' adult salmon migrants should 

 receive the highest priority for protection, as they have 

 already survived most of the risks in their life cycle and are 

 close to their final destination — the upstream spawning 

 grounds. Unless management attention is given to the 

 causes and solutions of what may be a 25-30% or more loss/ 

 mortality rate for adult salmon between Bonneville Dam and 

 Lower Granite Dam. and 50% or more by the time adults 

 reach natal spawning grounds, a large proportion of the 

 Snake River salmon entering the Columbia River may not 

 survive the upstream migration phase. Upstream adult 

 migration past the dams is a complex issue. Flow and 

 operation conditions change frequently at the dams and can 

 affect passage of individual fish. Seasonal and year-to-year 

 conditions of temperature and water clarity can also affect 

 adult passage. 



To improve upstream passage conditions, the Team 

 recommends that adult fishways and dam operations be 

 changed. Flow augmentation should be evaluated for use in 

 improving water temperatures for adults in the Snake River. 

 Adult passage evaluations should be expanded. Adults 

 should be protected with fisheries Jaw enforcement. Wider- 

 ranging disease control possibihties should be explored. 

 Experiments involving adult collection and transport should 

 be conducted. 



All directed and incidental harvest of sockeye must be 

 eliminated below the confluence of the Snake and Columbia 

 rivers. The Team requests that the Tribes reduce ceremonial 

 and subsistence harvest of Snake River Sockeye and release 

 all marked Snake River sockeye. 



John Day fish ladder. 

 (NMFS Photo) 



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