102 



ISconumic cosls arc to be considered only to Ihe extent that 

 less cosily options arc to be chosen where equal biological 

 benefits arc cupccled from several altcmalives In addition. 

 Ihe overall costs of major recommended actions should be 

 estimated where possible. 



The Team has concentrated on a thorough evaluation of the 

 various elements that might contribute to recovery of the 

 listed Snake River species. Many of these factors cannot be 

 assessed individually because the effectiveness of each is 

 dependent upon the execution of others. The Team's 

 recovery recommendations place heavy emphasis on 

 flexibility in adapting to future developments, research 

 findings, and monitoring, thus, estimates of cost will 

 doubtless vary over time as activities are implemented or 

 abandoned. 



Recreational fishing boats at the confluence 



of the Willamette and Columbia rivers. 



( NMFS Photo) 



Sport fishery on the Columbia River. 

 (Corps of Engineers Photo) 



The direct and indirect costs of recovery actions could not 

 be estimated within the Team's time constraints, but they 

 are too important to be neglected. Reservoir management is 

 likely to have far reaching impacts on recreation, residential 

 use, power production, transportation, and the incomes of 

 coastal communities heavily dependent on ocean and in- 

 rivcr fishing. 



Therefore, the Team recommends that National Marine 

 Fisheries Service give high priority to undertaking or 

 commissioning a detailed study of the direct and indirect 

 social and econonuc effects of proposed recovery actions. 



The Team can only provide its best summary of the actions 

 that, when taken together, offer promise for delisting (and 

 hopefully, will engender progress toward providing 

 harvestable surpluses). Detailed analysis of, and public 

 comment on, any economic and social effects resulting from 



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