160 



In fact, the curious logic of remnant run management and genetic scare tactics have 

 already been used to delay, if not stop, tribal plans to use artificial propagation technology to 

 increase naturally spawning salmon populations in the Columbia River above Bonneville 

 Dam. 



Few others, except the Indian Tribes, now emphasize restoring large viable salmon 

 runs at "usual and accustomed" locales throughout the Columbia Basin. To the Indian people, 

 this lack of concern is nothing new. For more than a hundred years, they have watched as 

 others have decimated the resource as a tradeoff for "progress." 



If the region is ever to recover large viable salmon populations, it cannot do so by 

 relying on current NMFS preservation policies. An alternative approach with real potential 

 for success would emphasize genetic diversity and the use of all the appropriate genetic mate- 

 rials and management tools available. It would likely involve the introduction of some genetic 

 material from outside the existing local populations. While there are some risks, such an 

 approach would improve the odds for rebuilding salmon populations that can adapt and 

 survive in the natural environment. 



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O'Brien, S. J. and J. F. Evermann. 1988. Interactive influence of infectious disease and genetic 

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Ralls, K. and J. D. Ballou. 1986. Preface to the Proceedings of the Workshop on Genetic 

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Stace, C. A. 1989. Plant Taxonomy and Biosystematics ~2nd ed. Edward Arnold, London, vii 

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Templeton, A. R. 1989. The Meaning of Species and Speciation. Pages 28-59 in D. Otte and 

 J. A. Endler eds. Speciation and Its Consequences. Sinauer Associates, Inc., 

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Thorpe, J. E. 1986. Age at First Maturity in Atlantic Salmon, Sal mo salar : Freshwater Period 

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Waples, R. S. 1991. "Pacific Salmon, Oncorhynchus spp., and the Definition of "Species" under 

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Wohlfarth, G.W. 1986. Decline in natural fisheries - a genetic analysis and suggestion for 

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