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Colvimbia River Power system and other power generating facilities 

 on the Columbia River and its tributaries." 



Specifically, the Act called for a system-wide Columbia 

 Basin Fish and Wildlife Program. It directed the Program to 

 include flows of sufficient quality and quantity to improve fish 

 migration and survival. It called for action based on what we 

 taiow, rather than delay until we know everything. In cases of 

 technical disagreement, it mandated deference to the 

 recommendations of fishery agencies and tribes. 



In short, the Columbia Basin Fish and Wildlife Program first 

 developed in 1982 was supposed to be the region's recovery plan 

 for Columbia Basin salmon. It looked so promising that NMFS 

 suspended its review of salmon under the Endangered Species Act. 



But the promise of the Act came up against deep resistance 

 to change among the dan operators and their supporters. The 

 Columbia Basin Fish and Wildlife Progreun met the saune call for 

 more studies and continued fish barging that we hear today. 



The last fifteen years have been spent doing more studies 

 and dodging the need to modify the operation of the Columbia 

 Basin's dams and reservoirs. Meanwhile, Snake River salmon runs 

 have been listed under the Endangered Species Act, productive 

 fisheries have been closed from California to Alaska, and this 



