MONTHLY CALENDAR OF OPERATIONS. 395 



the early pan of this month. Avoid the use of fire heat as long 

 as possible. Unless the nights become cold enough to chill the 

 plants inside of the house, they are better without fire heat, 

 though the greenhouse at this season should never be allowed 

 to fall below fifty degrees at night. When there is indication 

 that the night is likely to be cold, let down the sashes that 

 have been raised for ventilation, early in the afternoon, 

 and thus shut up the heated air until next day. If there 

 is a cold frame or pit at hand, the hardier sorts of plants, 

 such as Roses, Carnations, Camellias, Azaleas, etc., will do 

 better if placed there until the middle of November, than in 

 the ordinary greenhouse. Treated in this manner they make 

 strong, healthy roots, that enable them to withstand the forcing 

 process better when placed in the greenhouse. Look out for 

 and destroy insects. See methods already given in chapter on 

 ** Insects." The planting of fall bulbs of all kinds, such as Hya- 

 cinths, Tulips, etc., may continue during this month. Dahlias, 

 Tuberoses, Gladiolus, Cannas, Caladiums, Tigridias, and all ten- 

 der bulbs or tubers that are planted in spring, should be taken 

 up before the end of the month, dried, and stowed away in 

 some dry place free from frost during winter. 



Fruit Garden. — Strawberries that have been layered in pots 

 may yet be planted early this month. Great care should be 

 taken to trim off runners from early plantings. All kinds of 

 fruit-trees and shrubs may be set out. If planting is deferred 

 to the last of the month, the ground around the roots should 

 be mulched to the thickness of three or four inches with 

 leaves, straw, or rough manure, as a protection to the roots 

 against frost. 



Vegetable Garden. — This is one of the busiest fall months 

 in the kitchen garden. Celery will now be in full growth, and 

 will require close attention to earthing-up, and during the last 

 part of the month the first lot may be stored away in trenches 

 for winter. See Celery. Beets, Carrots, Parsnips, Squash, Sweet 

 Potatoes, and all other roots not designed to be left in the 

 ground during winter, should be dug by the end of the month. 

 The Cabbage, Cauliflower, and Lettuce plants from the seed 

 sown about the middle of last month, should now be pricked 

 out in cold frames. If Lettuce is wanted for winter use, it may 

 be Qow planted in the greenhouse or cold frames, and will be 

 ready for use by Christmas. Rhubarb and Asparagus, if wanted 

 for use in winter, should be taken up in large clumps and 



