30 GARDENING FOR PROFIT. 



as a pulverizer. There are many articles, the refuse of 

 manufactures, that are still wasted, that have great value 

 as manures. Among others, and of first importance, is 

 the refuse hops from the breweries. It is a dozen years 

 ago since they first began to be used in our gardens about 

 Hew York; at first they were to be had almost at 

 every brewery without cost, but the demand has so in- 

 creased, that the price to-day ranges even higher than that 

 of the best stable manure. Aside from its high fertilizing 

 properties, it is excellent for breaking up and pulverizing 

 the soil, and as a top-dressing or mulching, either to pro- 

 tect from the sun in summer, or from the frost in winter, 

 it has no equal. From my experience with this fertilizer, 

 I consider it to be of nearly double the value of that of 

 stable manure. It requires to be composted in the same 

 manner as other manure ; it heats rapidly, and must be 

 either spread regularly over the hog yard, or else turned 

 once in two weeks to prevent " fire-fang," from violent 

 heating. 



Another valuable refuse from our manufactories is the 

 shavings and scrapings from horn, or whale-bone manu- 

 factories. The best way to render these most available, 

 is to compost them thoroughly with, hot manure, in the 

 proportion of one ton of shavings to fifteen of manure ; 

 the heated manure extracts the oil from the shavings, 

 which is intermingled with the whole. I have on several 

 occasions seen the mixture of five tons of whale-bone 

 shavings with our ordinary stable manure, make $400 per 

 acre difference in the value of the crop ; but of course 

 such manufactories are not common, and it is only in cer- 

 tain localities that this fertilizer can be had. 



