IFIRACflCAIL ©AI^ID)IEHIIH(&. 



We propose now to confine ourselves to the operations 

 applicable to all parts of the science of gardening, but not 

 connected with any particular crop — the actual working of the 

 soil, and the manual labour attending the produce of every- 

 thing, but treated of independently of the things to be grown. 

 Under these operations we must rank digging, trenching, 

 draining, dunging or dressing, hoeing, raking, sowing, plant- 

 ing, training, pruning, budding, grafting, striking cuttings, 

 layering, &c. 



The general apphcation of these operations to peculiar 

 crops must be treated of hereafter ; but there can be no doubt 

 of the propriety of teaching everybody the principles which 

 must guide the gardener, and they should apply to all cases 

 and all kinds of produce. First, then, we shall take in their 

 proper order the operations which relate to the general manage- 

 ment of the soil, such as digging, trenching, di-aining, dunging 

 or dressing, hoeing, raking, drilling ; next, such as relate to 

 the crops, such as sowing, planting, training, pruning, budding, 

 grafting, propagation by (mttings, layering, &c.; lastly, we 

 shall endeavour to apply these instructions to the leading 

 crops of a family garden. 



THE GROUra) Am) ITS TREAT]\IENT. 



As we rarely have a choice of ground, but have to make the 

 best of what we can get, the first thing to be done is to drain 

 it properly, for if this be not done, half our manure and labour 

 will be lost. First, then,' seek an outlet for the water, which 

 should be at the lowest part of the ground, and four feet below 

 the surface ; let there be a proper drain or an open ditch at 



