206 PRACTICAL GAUDENING. 



the grower. These branches will all bear the next year ; and 

 while they bear, others will grow up between them, to ripen 

 for the year after. In the spring, therefore, when the vine 

 breaks, preserve one shoot between the others, to grow up for 

 the next year's bearing, and rub off all others. By this 

 plan, new wood is grown every year. While it is growing, it 

 is merely fastened, or rather supported, in a temporary way; 

 but at the end of the season, when the old wood is cut away, 

 the new wood is trained into its proper place, and made fast. 

 This part of the business may be executed with some taste 

 and regularity ; but the young wood that is growing all the 

 while the old wood is bearing, need not be too tightly fas- 

 tened, nor is it of any consequence what direction they are 

 trained, or rather supported in, while growing, the only object 

 being to keep them secure from the effect of wind, and out of 

 the way of the fruit. Generally, they may be grown upright, 

 between the bearing branches. If, instead of renewing the 

 branches every year, we desire to fix them permanently, and 

 prune upon the spur system, the difference we have to make 

 is this : instead of having the buds rubbed off to two feet dis- 

 tance, we make fifteen or eighteen inches the distance ; and 

 the breaking of the vine has to be watched quite as carefully ; 

 because, instead of alternate growth for long branches, we 

 have to merely regulate the new shoots, taking off the fruit 

 from such as are too close to other bearing shoots : to rub off 

 aU the shoots except those we want for the next year's spurs, 

 and to allow but one bunch to grow on each fruit-bearing 

 shoot. In the course of the summer, we have constantly to 

 break off those innumerable shoots which come almost all over 

 a vine, leaving none on but those growing into good strong 

 wood, and no more of them than are actually wanted. In 

 training the vine in the house, the system is the same, al- 

 though the space to occupy, and the forms into which a vine 

 is trained, may be different. 



In training and pruning vines for out-of-door culture, after 

 the fasliion of vineyards, the treatment assimilates very much 

 to the raspberry. Five or six canes come up, and are grown 

 to any length they please to ramble ; but they are cut back 

 to about six-feet lengths, and supported all round Hke the 

 branches of a currant-bush ; all the old wood of last year cut 

 down, and, when it breaks, the bunches are reduced to one 

 on a shoot, which is stopped or shortened at the first joint 



