135 



It is certain a very favourable ono was raade.* This monareli 

 created the place of Royal Herbalist, and conferred it on 

 Parkinson. Orangeries were now much in request, the Queen 

 had 42 Trees in hers, at Wimbledon, which were valued at 

 ,£•10 each. 



During the Commonwealth, as it is very erroneously termed, 

 (1648 — 1660^ Cromwell was a great improver of Agriculture 

 and the useful branches of Gardening. We have seen that he 

 allowed Hartlib an annuity of one hundred pounds. 



Charles the II. (1660 — 1605) was a great patron of our Art 

 in general. Regular glazed edifices for the preservation of 

 tender plants, appear to have been first erected in this reign. 

 Evelyn mentions Loader's Orangery in 1662, and those of the 

 Duke of Lauderdale and Sir Henry Capel. The last mentioned 

 also had a Myrtilleum. - The Green-house and Hot-house in 

 the Chelsea Garden are mentioned by the same author, as well 

 as by Ray in 1685. "What was very ingenious, says Evelyn, 

 was the subterraneous heat conveyed by means of a stove under 

 the conservatory, all vaulted with brick, so that Watts the 

 Gardener, has the doors and windows open in the hardest frosts, 

 excluding only the snow."f In the hot-house Ray mentions 

 that there was a Tea Shrub. 



Dwarf Fruit Trees were brought to great perfection by this 

 monarch's Gardener, Rose, at Hampton Court, Carlton and 

 Marlborough House Gardens, so much so, that London, in the 

 preface to his " Retir'd Gardener," in 1667. challenges all 

 Europe to equal them. M. Quiutinnie could not accept the 

 challenge. J 



• Bradley's General Treat, on Husbandry and Gardening, v. i. p, 137- 

 t Bray's Memoirs of Evelyn, v. i.5p. 606. J Switzer'a Icnogrnpliin Ru'tica, 

 T. i. p. 53. 



