141 



but this was not adopted in his time. Such is a general out- 

 line of the ornamental style ot Gardening; of that age, aiul we 

 shall proceed to exemplify it by descriptions and illustrations 

 of one or more of the chief Gardens formed in each reign. 



In the reign of Elizabeth, arose Hatfield House, in Hertford- 

 shire, the seat of the Lord Treasurer Burleigh. Heiitzner de- 

 scribes the gardens, "as surrounded by a piece of water, with 

 boats rowing through alleys of well-cut trees, and labyrinths 

 made with great labour. There are jets d'eau, and a summer 

 House, with many pleasant and fair tish ponds, and abundant 

 statues," which he enumerates. Knottes and Mazes, and 

 divers herbes, *' cunningly handled for the beautifying of Gar- 

 dens," are given in Mountains " Gardener's Labyrinth," part 

 the first (157 1.) There wcx-e two Parks at Hatfield House, one 

 respectively for Red, and for Fallow Deer. Also a Vineyard 

 which was in existence when Charles the L was detained pri- 

 soner there. Cashiobury, Knowle Park, and Holland House, 

 were also laid out in this reign. 



James the L either formed, or planted and greatly improved 

 the Gardens of the palaces at Theobald's ami Greenwich. The 

 former arc thus described by Mandelso, who visited this 

 coiuitry in 1G40. " The Garden is a largL> square, having all 

 its walls covered with trellis work, and a beautiful jet d'eau in 

 the centre. The parterre hath many pleasant walks, part of 

 which are planted on the sides with espaliers, and others arched 

 over. Some of the trees are Limes and Elms, and at t!ie end is 

 a small mount, named the mount of Venus, placed iu the middle 

 of a labyrinth. It is one of the most bcautifid spots in the 

 world.* From Bacon's own writing we may imagine what his 

 Garden was, which Sir Henry Wotton says " was one of the 

 best he had ever seen at home or abroad." 



* Vuyages do MaudeUo, i. 599. 



