166 



merely the largest stones raked out, and not laid too rounding 

 it making them seem narrow, and being inconvenient. A \valk 

 20 feet wide, should be 4 inches higher in the middle, than at 

 the sides (p. 334.) In his Conclusion to the volume, he 

 gives some additional directions about forest Trees, and here 

 most erroneously recommends Oaks planted from the seed Bed, 

 being first cut close down, to within a bud or two of 

 the ground, and this for poor soils even to be repeated, 

 " twice or thrice after the first years planting'' — Oaks and 

 Beech should always be grown in Coppices, and never singly, 

 otherwise they become crooked and have wide spreading heads 

 — The Elm is " one of the most hospitable Plants of all, since 

 whatever grows under it will prosper, which Ash, Yew, and 

 several other Trees will not suffer" — He justly reprobates the 

 practice too common even now, of planting Ash in the Hedge 

 Rows, it causes them to become " thin and there is nothing 

 but gaps." As for planting out of the Hedge Rows about the 

 fields, it is a practice which needs no comment, since no Agri- 

 culturist ever did, or will follow it. — His other observations upon 

 Trees, Planting, and Designing, are a mere summary of what 

 he had stated before, and the ending like the commencement 

 of the volume, is in the strains of various Poets laudatory of the 

 pleasures of the country. 



Vol. 2. The first one hundred and thirty four pages are oc- 

 cupied with geometrical definitions, and arithmetical rules ne- 

 cessary to be known by Surveyors and Designers of Grounds. 

 To this is appended numerous figures, some of which are very 

 curious as representations of the extremes to which the topia- 

 ry art was pursued. To this follows, on the formation of 

 Court Yards; and of Terrace Walks. These last he directs 

 to be very large and the surface in chequer work of Gravel, 

 Grass, Pavement, and Cockle Shells! — Chap. 6. is of the Par- 

 terre. — Chap. 7. of Woods and Groves. — Chap. 8. of Espaliers 

 and Hedges. — Chap. 9. of Fruit Gardens, Planting, Pruning, 

 &c.— Chap. 10. Of Orchard! and Vineyards. 



