SEVENTEENTH CENTURY. 189 



walk one pear from Bowen, I think a bergamot. Against the West wall there, 

 from the south wall to the door, all plums from Colonel Jeffreyes, except one 

 double-flowered cherry, and one morocco plum next the door ; on the other 

 side the door, first a bullen plum, then a Turkey plum, then a king plum, then 

 a Catalonia plum, and a Duke cherry, a cornelian. Against the North Wall 

 these plums from Trevallyn, viz. the Apricocke plum and the orange, and one 

 plum from Colonel Jeffreyes. Against the East Wall in the great garden, may 

 cherries, a carnation cherry, about the middle of the wall, a duke cherry at the 

 end, close by the North Wall, a cornelian cheny from Rea marbled, and a 

 turkey plum from Rea ... In the little court . . . are three peaches from 

 Mr. Bate, viz. a Morills ... a Newington . . . then a Persian peach. . . . 

 Against the East Wall of the little garden, beginning from the South Wall, first 

 three peaches raised 1660 at Bettisfield, from French stones, then a peach de 

 Pau, then a Savoy peach." 



These little details cannot fail to be of interest. They show 

 how a man, an ardent Cavalier, who had lived through such 

 stirring scenes, turned his attention to his garden to pass 

 away the 3'ears of inaction and waiting until the Restoration. 

 He took up gardening not only as a pastime, but really gave 

 his brains to it, as well as his time, and made himself a 

 thorough master of the art, as further notes from his pen 

 show. x\nother Royalist, who has always been recognized as one 

 of the greatest patrons of gardening, was Lord Capel, son of 

 the Lord Capel who was beheaded in 1648. He was created 

 Earl of Essex in 1661, and died in the Tower in 1683. He 

 made the garden at Cassiobury, which is frequently referred 

 to as one of the most beautiful gardens of the seventeenth 

 century. His brother, Sir Henry Capel, was also a gardener, 

 and introduced " several sorts of fruits from France." * He 

 had a garden at Kew, in it were "curious greens"; it was 

 " as well kept as any about London " and his " flowers 

 and fruits" were "of the best." t Sir Henry was created 

 Baron Capel of Tewkesbury in 1692, hence there is apt to 

 be some confusion in the various allusions to Lord Capel, as 

 both were gardeners. The Earl of Essex seems to have 

 confided the chief care of his gardens to Cooke, a celebrated 

 gardener and author of a work on fruit trees, though, as 



* Switzer, IchnograpJita Riistica, 17 18. 

 f Gibson, Gardens about London, 1691. 



