Suburban Home Grounds. 49 



ing. The bottom layer of the walk is usually laid 3 inches in 

 thickness, composed of one part best American Portland 

 cement, two parts clean, sharp sand, and four or five parts 

 broken stone. .After the bottom layer is thoroughly rammed, 

 a finishing layer one inch in thickness is laid, composed of one 

 part cement and one and one half parts clean, sharp sand or 

 one part cement and two parts stone dust. 



The surface is then finished smooth with proper tools and 

 protected from the weather by coverings until the surface is 

 firm and hard. 



The rate of grade in a granolithic walk should not be over 

 5 feet in 100 feet, never over 7; a safe rule is to use it only 

 on walks that bluestone flag stones would be used. The 

 surface is so smooth that it is dangerously slippery when too 

 steep. The color of the walk can be varied to red or slate by 

 the use of coloring pigment. Slate blue color may be obtained 

 by the use of lamp black; slate color is obtained by the use of 

 one pound of lamp black to a barrel of cement. Red color is 

 obtained either by the use of red sand or ground red sandstone 

 or Venetian red or both mixed. Reds are liable to fade. The 

 limit of color is five pounds to the barrel of cement. 



Another method for walks and drives is the penetration 

 method. The foundation layers are laid in the same manner 

 as outlined for Telford and Macadam work. The lower layers 

 are filled ^vith screenings, sand, or gravel and the upper layers 

 are rolled and bound ^^ith bituminous materials, either a 

 mixture of pitch and tar or asphalt. There are several brands 

 known to the trade with varying merits according to the uses 

 of the di'ive or walk. The finish of these surfaces are made 

 with pea stone rolled into the first coat and on the second 

 coat of the preparation screenings are spread and rolled in to 

 get the macadam appearance. 



