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IV . General EemarkB about Internafional CoUahoration in Higli Energy Physics. 

 The last 30 years have witnessed a thorough internationalization of High En- 

 erg)' Physics. Up to the '50'« the USA had a kind of monopoly on the highest 

 energ)' machines. That did not prevent a number of important discoveries to be 

 made elsewhere with cosmic rays. But from the mid-fifties on, laboratories with ac- 

 celerators at the energy- frontier appeared in Western Europe, in the Soviet Union, 

 and in Japan, so that High Energ)- Physics became indeed a truly international 

 enterprise. A special significance must be attributed to CERX since it was the 

 first great laboratorj' in this field that is internationally owned, run and paid for, 

 albeit only by Western European nations. As such it represputs an innovation in 

 the sociolog}- of science of which the Western Europeans are justifiably proud. It 

 spawned other Inter-European activities in astronomy, space science and molecular 

 biology. 



In the following remarks we will use the term '■international" in a sense in which 

 the West-European nations (and also the Communist nations allied with the Soviet 

 Union) are considered as one "nation". In this respect the term should have been 

 "interregional", but it is common usage to use "international" for this purpose. 



There are several degrees of international collaboration: 



1. The organization of regular international conferences on the subject. 



2. The participation of foreign researchers or teams in the work at a national 

 (or regional) facilitj- using the instrumentation of the host laboratory. 



3. Research of foreign groups with major instrumentation brought along from 

 home and installed in the host laboratory. 



