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by changes in visa and work permit regulations, insurance 

 coverage, etc. Cross-participation in facilities which are 

 widely separated geographically rely heavily on inexpensive and 

 efficient data transmission. However, some countries charge 

 for the transmission of scientific data across their borders. 

 Also, effective data communication standards need to be estab- 

 lished to ensure compatibility. 



— Although English is the international language of science, 

 the necessity for foreign language skills is increasing, 

 particularly if we are to make optimum use of U.S. scientists 

 assigned overseas, and are to minimize misunderstandings not 

 uncommon in policy-level negotiations among program managers. 



Coordination and Management of International Cooperative 

 Research 



Coordination and management of research takes place in 

 many different fora and with different degrees of official 

 government involvement. 



Scientist-to-scientist contacts, either over the tele- 

 phone, at international workshops, meetings, conferences, etc., 

 or through formal exchange progreuns , constitute the bulk of 

 doe's international activities. These contacts provide the 

 seminal information and personal rapport necessary to coordi- 

 nate research activities and to establish joint research 

 programs. 



