20a 



secrets, so many of which depend on our latest scientific research. The 

 interplay of these societal pressures, which vary markedly from field of 

 science to field of science, constitute a complex science policy issue. 



High energy physics has provided over the last half century an 

 interesting example of this interplay. In the thirties and forties, high 

 energy physicists laid the scientific groundwork and led in the 

 development of commercial nuclear power and military nuclear bombs. The 

 second and third societal pressures were heavily felt in those years. 

 But then the work of high energy physicists, concentrating on the 

 fundamental forces and the particle structure of the nucleus, departed 

 from immediate relevancy to commercial and military affairs. The social 

 pressure exerted on international cooperation in high energy physics has 

 been almost completely related to sharing costs, and has reached a high 

 point as the proposal to construct a superconducting supercollider has 

 emerged. At this time, there is only a faint hint that the principal 

 instrument used by high energy physicists, the particle accelerator, may 

 have military application in beam weapons. 



During these recent decades, high energy physics has produced an 

 enviable record in international cooperation, using publications, 

 meetings, personal contacts, and even widespread use of other countries' 

 accelerators if such use was optimum for the performance of an 

 experiment. Now there are some who suggest an international facility 

 with capital funding, operational funding and management handled on a 



