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prior segregated, noncompetitive funds able to be used for new 

 international initiatives. The amounts can be reasonably limited on 

 the assumption that programs once initiated should move into a 

 competitive process of some kind as rapidly as possible. 



Under that assumption, the Department of State could be the 

 logical repository of such segregated funds; perhaps more realisti- 

 cally, they could be line items in the appropriate domestic agency 

 budgets and/or dedicated international funds in the National Sci- 

 ence Foundation. In particular, I must say that I believe NSF could 

 have a much larger cross-agency role in stimulating and supporting 

 the development of international cooperation. 



I have gone into this much detail on an apparently small part of 

 the overall problem — and, obviously, only lightly touched many of 

 the issues — because it seems to me that international cooperation 

 in science and technology is increasingly important to this country 

 for scientific, technological, economic, and political reasons. 



We may be the world's strongest scientific nation, but we are 

 being overtaken piecemeal by aggressive competence in many other 

 countries. We need increasingly to work with others for our own 

 scientific and economic purposes, as well as to meet the growing 

 costs of science. 



Nor have we learned how to use satisfactorily or sufficiently our 

 unparalleled scientific strength for broader foreign policy purposes. 

 The U.S. Government has a large institutional/ process problem 

 here that deserves very much more attention than it generally re- 

 ceives. 



Mr. Chairman, you also asked for some comments on multilater- 

 al versus bilateral cooperation, but I think I will leave that for the 

 statement for the moment, but I will be happy to answer any ques- 

 tions. 



[The prepared statement of Dr. Skolnikoff follows:] 



