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INCENTIVES AND CONSTRAINTS 



International cooperation is an amiably received proposition 

 throughout the fusion conununity, being widely perceived as a way to 

 broaden the bases and relieve financial strains of national fusion 

 programs. Yet to arrive at sound recommendations about whether to 

 extend international cooperation, one must examine the incentives and 

 constraints, especially those that arise from broader policies. One 

 must also examine the perception of these factors by the various 

 groups concerned with cooperation. Finally, one must weigh the 

 expected consequences, even though these cannot be known with 

 certainty. 



INCENTIVES AND CONSTRAINTS AT THE POLICY LEVEL 



Incentives 



There are a number of incentives, consistent with broad policy goals, 

 that the conventional wisdom widely accepts in a general sense 

 (Rycroft, 1983). Nevertheless, when one goes from the general 

 incentives to specific programs and project details, some reluctance 

 toward international cooperation seems to appear. 



Achieving Program Results 



International cooperation makes possible a much broader and more 

 diverse program in pursuit of its fusion goals than could be supported 

 by any single nation within presently anticipated budget limits. The 

 information flow available to a national program is thereby increased 

 and broadened; there are more people working in more areas and 

 generating more new ideas and ways of attacking problems; and the 

 chances of generating step advances in the science and technology of 



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