607 



or luc«y accixients tt-»at cote enliven and 

 accelerate pcogreee in cesearcn areas — are o&ef uil/ increa&ea. 



The sharing of scientific anc tecnnrc^l inforaation tcrougii 

 international cooperation redtxres fiati<>rjal prc>gra» risr.s and ijiproires 

 progras opportunities. All researcci and c^-zelc^psfcent efforts have 

 elements of risk thcotkgb tine pursuit of scientific or tecanological 

 directions tbat subsequently prove unfruitful. Access to tbe broadest 

 possible inforaation base iaproves tbe coarices of avoiding unfruitful 

 ventures and of recognizing opportunities for progress. 



Moreover, through the sharing of test facilities ana projects for 

 ■aterials and technology developraent, needed tecnnoLogical results nay 

 Mell be acquired sooner and in greater oepti: than otbervise. 



there is also the point noted trj S&se (1982 J that in the past 

 capeUsle people have coae into tne fusijon field >*tio nigfat very well not 

 have done so had the activity not offered t^e o{)portunity for 

 international contacts. Inasaucb as fasron research ar*d deveLopwent 

 efforts are likely to have to continue for a good nuaibec of years into 

 the future and that the long-ters vigor and viability of such ptogcam» 

 Mill, depeni substantially on the scientific and aanagerial abilities 

 of the progras leaders, the broader, nore diverse, and aore 

 coBprebensive prograj&s siade possible oy international cooperation 

 should be an iaportant eleaent in attracting the nost capable people 

 to the field. Ibe point is a far froa trivial one in planning for the 

 very long-tens kind of effort that fusion power will surely require. 



eatpanding Econoaic Benefits 



Boee (1982) also observes tnat international cooperation in fusion has 

 been a very positive-sna gaae to date. Prograae of all the 

 participants have advanced aore rapidly and with better direction than 

 would have been the case without tbe cooperation (U.S. General 

 Accounting Office, 1904). It is reasonable to expect that this 

 quality, of yielding substantially aore pcoqtam benefits than the 

 funds and effort invested, should be a feature of international 

 cooperation for soae years to c oa e . Because everyone gains froa the 

 oollabcKation and the whole a a ount s to mote than the sua of tbe 

 contributed parts, it should be less iaportant that supplies and 

 equipaent contracts in a coilaiorative effort ce distributed with 

 great precision according to ti:.e cootrioutlons of the collaborators. 



Ibe long-tera eoonoaic benefits that will flow froa tbe fall 

 I iwMi II i i1 i 11 inn of fusion throo^ any particular national prograa 

 are expected to be great, although their exact nature and aagnitude 

 cannot be foreseen with certainty. Oooperative prograas, t h r ough 

 their greater technological diversiflcatioii, nay se able to eKpaart 

 both the scope and tbe scale of the benefits ultiaately available to 

 each participant. Ibe equitable c^ture of these benefits, of course. 



