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future. Even though many of the present cooperations were not jointly 

 planned as projects, the program has been jointly planned and 

 technical results have been shared. 



At the committee's domestic workshops and in its travels to Japan 

 and Western Europe, many suggestions were made for joint activity 

 consistent with technical needs. The rest of this section outlines 

 the physics and technology areas where the committee feels cooperation 

 is needed and technically justified. In many cases such as tokamak 

 physics, multiple facilities with coordinated programs are required 

 simply because of the amount and variety of information needed. In 

 other areas like radiation damage or plasma surface interactions, one 

 facility, or at most a few, would serve the international needs for 

 data, just as accelerator and central computing facilities do. 



In many waySf the EC program is a good modp' , within a given 

 political framework, for a centrally planned ana coordinated program 

 with distributed facilities. A large-scale program coordinated among 

 the United States, the EC, and Japan might adapt a similar model and 

 procedures. 



Physics 



An obvious candidate for cooperation because of cost, is a large-scale 

 tokamak with significant technology goals. Such a machine is 

 envisioned in each of the programs with very similar goals and mission. 



A number of additional tokamak facilities, each with different 

 emphasis, are also needed to supply data in specific parameter regimes 

 or for special purposes with limiter or divertor configurations. A 

 coordinated program would plan activities at existing facilities or 

 initiate new facilities at institutions where appropriate expertise or 

 related facilities already exist. 



In the alternative confinement concepts, a coordinated program 

 could carry a greater variety of configurations to the 

 proof-of -principle stage. Even programs with major facilities like 

 the tandem mirror would benefit from coordinated scientific activity 

 in other countries as well as from a joint program on the major 

 facilities. 



Technology 



There are already a number of good models where joint programs reduce 

 overlap, for example, TEXTOR, RTNS-II, the Oak Ridge reactors, and the 

 Large Coil Test Facility, although this last proaect is not yet fully 

 operational. Other technology areas which have been mentioned are: 



o A large-scale accelerated materials testing facility like the 

 Fusion Materials Irradiation Test, proposed earlier but still 

 lacking agreement. 



