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Base Program 



It may or may not be possible to separate medium- and large-sized 

 projects from a base program that is more research oriented. However, 

 if such a division is possible, then cooperation on the base program 

 could be established either in an umbrella agreement or in a separate 

 arrangement. A base program should allow for a certain degree of 

 flexibility, after consultation among all participants, since needs 

 and priorities will change. 



Medium- to Large-Sized Projects 



While it is possible to put medium- and large-sized projects into an 

 umbrella agreement, the latter ones, and possibly all of them, should 

 be in a subsequent arrangement since they will be established over 

 time. The principles under which medium- and large-sized projects are 

 to be handled may be contained in the umbrella arrangement, but the 

 actual details should be contained in a later arrangement. Once a 

 medium- or large-sized project is agreed upon, then a high degree of 

 reliability is required of ail particpants; and it is important to 

 develop funding concepts that are viable for the term of the project. 

 Since it is important to maintain these long-term commitments, the 

 funding principles could be established in the umbrella agreement, 

 subject to implementation in the project arrangement. 



Joint Planning 



Joint planning can proceed informally, reaching whatever consensus is 

 possible and then relying for the residual matters upon decisions by 

 individual nations or groups of nations. The approach would be to 

 exchange information as to the plans all parties are undertaking but 

 to leave all the participants to proceed according to their own 

 particular goals. 



On the other hand, joint planning can be more formalized, either in 

 an umbrella agreement or as a subsequent arrangement, with whatever 

 greater degree of binding effect may be agreed. To be effective, a 

 formal joint planning activity would have to have policy guidance from 

 government program leaders and technical direction from leaders in the 

 laboratories. The undertaking should continue over many years. 



At the program management level, the program leaders in the United 

 States, the EC, and Japan should meet periodically to discuss and 

 reconcile their respective programs for the development of fusion and 

 to review the recommendations developed by joint planning groups in 

 specific areas. 



The joint planning groups should consist of a small number of the 

 technical leaders from the laboratories in the respective areas. 

 These groups should meet periodically to discuss material prepared at 



