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home by a broader community of experts and should maintain continuity 

 of participation. Laying the groundwork with the people in the field 

 is crucial because it produces the worker-to-worker trust and 

 confidence central to long-term success. The various programs already 

 enjoy these advantages to a large degree because of the high quality 

 of prior cooperative experience. It is also important that candidate 

 projects for cooperation be proposed and justified by persons at the 

 program level, since they are the best judges of the technical needs. 



At present, it would be appropriate to establish two or three 

 groups: fusion technology development; alternative confinement concept 

 development; and, possibly, the next-step tokamak experiment. The 

 first two groups would plan for collaboratively developing fusion 

 technology and alternative confinement concepts, respectively. These 

 tasks would include identification of the required information and 

 facilities and recommendations for equitable sharing of costs, 

 responsibility for construction and operation, and results. 

 Cooperative projects successfully initiated at the smaller scale of 

 plasma physics, alternative confinement concepts, and technology 

 development will lay the basis for the larger-scale collaboration. If 

 the United States does not plan to initiate a major next-step tokamak 

 project within the next year or so, then it would be appropriate to 

 establish a joint planning group for such experiments. This group 

 would recommend objectives, conceptual design, schedule, and cost and 

 would define the required supporting research and development. The 

 International Tokamak Reactor (commonly known by its acronym INTOR) 

 Workshop has shown that such tasks can be performed successfully by an 

 international group. 



Technical and Personnel Exchanges 



There exist today extensive information and personnel exchanges, 

 although sometimes there are some difficulties and restraints. These 

 exchanges can continue to be handled as they are currently on a rather 

 informal case-by-case basis, or they could be the subject of 

 agreements contained either in umbrella or subsequent arrangements 

 whereby procedures could be clearly established. 



The experience of the JET joint Undertaking has shown that, for 

 exchanges or assignments of personnel for periods of months or years, 

 it is quite important to provide international schools where the 

 children of the staff may maintain the scholastic progress expected of 

 them in their own countries. An equally important matter is to assure 

 that workers may return home to equivalent employment at the end of 

 their tours, without prejudice for having been away. Some Japanese 

 officials expressed the wish that guest workers in Japan would try to 

 enter more into its life and culture than they do now. By contrast, 

 Japanese scientists temporarily working abroad usually make efforts to 

 learn the language and to enroll their children in the schools of the 

 new country even as they try to maintain their native culture. 



