653 



In pursuing international collaboration as the preferred course of 

 action, the many complexities that are inherent must be recognized and 

 dealt with. Failure to consider the following in a timely fashion can 

 lead to real difficulty: 



a. The fragile balance between independence and interdependence. 



b. A procedure for site selection for major future devices. 



c. The impact of perceived commercial value, as exemplified by 

 current restricted access to fast breeder reactor engineering 

 technology. 



d. Ownership or sharing of intellectual property. 



e. Policy with respect to licensing technology to nonparticipants. 



f. Equitable participation by industry, including consideration of 

 differing tax and subsidy policies. 



g. The question of technology transfer in instances where national 

 security is considered to be involved. 



h. Acceptance of international standards, particularly for safety 



and radiation, 

 i. The impact on established domestic institutions, such as the 



national laboratories; some changes in roles and missions seem 



inevitable. 



The committee believes, however, that none of these factors 

 represents an insurmountable obstacle. Satisfactory management 

 arrangements internal to the undertaking can probably be devised, and 

 limitations external to it can probably be borne. Each issue may be 

 addressed when it arises. 



6. Past cooperation provides a sound basis for future efforts . 



It was clear from the courtesies extended, from the hours of talent 

 invested in the discussions with the committee, and from the open and 

 frank exchange of views that past international relationships in the 

 fusion community have been excellent. A high degree of mutual trust 

 and respect prevails among leaders of the several programs. 

 Furthermore, there is a precedent of generally successful 

 international cooperation on a modest scale in fusion. These 

 precedents include long-standing information and personnel exchanges, 

 the bilateral agreement between Japan and the United States, the 

 trilateral agreements under the International Energy Agency, and the 

 workshops on the International Tokaraak Reactor. We believe that this 

 background provides reason to be optimistic about the possibility of 

 successful achievement of the general goals established at the recent 

 Economic Summit meetings of Heads of State. 



