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APPENDIX I APPENDIX I 



Study has been extremely useful in identifying design problems and 

 enhancing the design talents of the participating countries. 



Personnel exchanges 



International cooperative personnel exchanges generally occur 

 in two forms--visits and assignments. visits are of short dura- 

 tion, i.e., several days to a few weeks, and involve a short-term 

 admittance to one or more of a host country's facilities. The 

 purpose of visits is to gain familiarity with the host country's 

 fusion activities and facilities, but not to participate in exper- 

 imental work. Assignments are of longer duration, i.e., several 

 weeks, months, or years, and involve admittance to a single host- 

 country facility. The purpose of assignments is to allow partici- 

 pation in actual experimental work to gain direct experience at a 

 facility. During an assignment, the guest participants become 

 members of the experimental team and engage in all aspects of 

 experimental work, including planning and conducting experiments 

 and analyzing results. 



visits may be arranged at several levels. For example, 

 exchanges may be arranged at the national or university laboratory 

 level, such as between the Princeton University Plasma physics 

 Laboratory or the Oak Ridge National Laboratory and a similar 

 facility in Japan, Europe, or the Soviet Union. Personnel assign- 

 ments may also be arranged under an international agreement under 

 the auspices of an international organization such as the Interna- 

 tional Energy Agency, ^ or under a bi-lateral or multi-lateral 

 international agreement. 



Almost all of the personnel exchanges in the fusion program 

 are with the other three major participants in magnetic fusion 

 R&D — Japan, the European Community, and the Soviet Union. The 

 United States has formal exchange agreements with Japan and the 

 Soviet Union. The following table indicates that U.S. personnel 

 exchanges with Japan occur about seven times more frequently than 

 with the Soviet Union. DOE does not have accurate data for ex- 

 changes with the European Community because they are carried out 

 on an informal basis. 



^The International Energy Agency is part of the Organization for 

 Economic Cooperation and Development. It is an alliance of 21 

 major oil-importing countries, including the United States, which 

 was formed in November 1974 as part of an effort to reduce depen- 

 dence on imported oil. It provides the legal framework enabling 

 member countries to participate in international cooperative 

 efforts to construct and conduct experiments at fusion research 

 facilities. The International Energy Agency experiment-oriented 

 activities in fusion complement those of the the International 

 Atomic Energy Agency, whose activities are oriented toward 

 information exchange. 



