742 



cooperarion uich, and occasional support of, foreign scientists 

 or institutions in pursuit of con-T.on scientific objectives 

 vhen justified on competitive scientific grounds; 



programs carried out internationally because of the requirements 

 of the subject, such as in oceanography, geophysics, or global 

 clinace; 



programs to develop nev facilities cooperatively for cost- 

 sharing purposes, including research facilities, participation 

 in space projects, Glocar Explorer, and others; 



participation in internationally organized research endeavors, 

 such as International Geophysical Year or Global Atmospheric 

 Research Project; 



comparative studies or conferences intended to improve US 

 efforts by examination of policies or programs of other 

 countries (e.g., in environmental studies, standards for use 

 of health care technology). 



II„ International activities carried out for mixed foreign Dolicv 



and scientific purposes . (NOTE: development purposes — related to 

 developing co-.:ntry problems — are considered separately from 

 loroign policy purposes for reasons of clarity, Chough the separation 

 is so:r.ewhat artificial) 



In this category are those programs or activities Chat have an 

 important foreign policy component as part of their motivation. Examples 

 are: 



dedicated programs of bilateral cooperation with other countries 

 that are established to serve one or several foreign policy 

 objectives vith chose countries (the programs with the USSR, 

 Japan, China and France are illustrations. The Chinese prograa; 

 overlaps with the development category as well.): 



activities with, or in, other countries which may not be part 

 of a dedicated program with that country, but are at least 

 partially justified by foreign policy interests (e.g., possible 

 desalination projects in the Middle East, involvement of local 

 oceancgraphic institutions in US expeditions); 



application of US science and technology capabilities outside 

 the country for US policy purposes (such as foreign participation 

 in Landsat, or use of US technology abroad for mapping and oil 

 exploration); 



