752 



the vorld. And, increasingly, the solutions co probifcr.s within otiier 

 countries rsay be of interest to the US as this country faces new resource 

 and energy constraints, and as scientific and technological competence 

 in other countries grows Co natch chat of the US. 



Adequate manager.ent and oversight must also provide a means for 

 substantive review, for assisting in whatever evaluation and budgetary 

 process is designed, and for providing a better inforr.ation base than 

 has been available until now. The ISTC should be able to take on the 

 last-raentioned task, since it will have an overlapping information 

 responsibility with regard to development-related S&T. 



Category III: S&T activities designed to serve International 

 developnent objectives. 



Kev Reccn-iendation : To allow more effective application of agency 

 scientific and technological resources to problems of development, an 

 experinent is proposed with a small number of agencies to create a line 

 item in agency budgets for programs of interest to the agencies, important 

 to development, but not sufficiently within agency domestic missions to 

 warrant regular funding. These programs would be ranked by the agencies 

 on scientific criteria, and the ISTC would rank all such development- 

 ■ related S£.T prograr.s according to development criteria independent of 

 the agency concerned. Only programs scoring high on both rankings would 

 be allowed to proceed. 



The ISTC would also provide a more general nechaaism able to work 

 across agencies on development-related S&T to provide a focus for 

 planning, for developr.ent of programs, and for centralized informatioa 

 -.nd monitoring. 



Discussion 



The overall question in the development category remains the same: 

 how to achieve effective use of S&T in support of US interests. The key 

 distinguishing aspect, however, from more general foreign policy goals 

 is the explicit commitment of Che US Government to assist in development, 

 and in particular to the application of S&T to the problems of development. 

 The latter connitnrent is made manifest, beyond oft-repeated rhetoric, in 

 the mandate of the new ISTC and in the scientific and technological 

 portions of the AID budget. But AID and the ISTC are in themselves only 

 a s-all fraction of thie scientific and technological resources of the US 

 Government that are or could be relevant co development problems. riow 

 can chose broader resources be effeccively capped, and how should they 

 relate to the agencies whose mission is development? 



There is not, of course, a sharp demarcation between programs of 

 interest to developing countries and those of domestic interest to Che 

 'JS. Si^nie do fall wholly on one side or the ocher, buc ofcen programs 

 have s.^:::^ decree oi interesi to both. In fact, it is ch.2 tendencv to 



